Superfamily SPHECOIDEA 1685 



These wasps are primarily Holarctic in distribution, but a few species occur in the Ethiopian 

 and Oriental Regions. They nest gregariously, often in cool, moist sand, usually make multicellu- 

 lar nests, and prey primarily on nymphal and adult leafhoppers although spittle bugs and 

 planthoppers are used occasionally. 



Revision: Fox, 1894. Ent. News 5: 86-89 (N. Amer. spp.). 

 conicus Provancher. N. B., Ont, N. H., N. Y., Md., D. C, Va., Mich. 



Alyson{\) coniciis Provancher, 1889. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 271. 9. 

 flavomaculatus Cameron. N. Mex. (Santa Fe Mts.). 



Allyson{\) flavomaculatus Cameron, 1901. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 27: 314. d. 

 guignardi Provancher. Transcont., Que. and Ont. to N. C. and Mo., west to Mich., Iowa, Calif, 

 and N. Mex. Predator: Dioctria haumhaueri Meig. 

 Alyson{\) Guignardi Provancher, 1887. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 271. 9, 



3. 

 AlysoiiO.) petiolatus Cameron, 1902. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 28: 374. 6. 

 AlysonC.) interstitialis Cameron, 1902. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 28: 375. 6. 

 melleus Say. U. and L. Austr. Zones east of 100th meridian. Ecology: Nests in damp sand or 

 sandy loam, makes 1-5 cells per nest, stores 3-23 prey per cell. Parasite: Phrosinella 

 fiitviconiis (Coq.) ? Prey: Aceratagallia sp., Agallia co^istricta Van D., Agalliopsis 

 novella (Say), Balclutha sp., Chlorotettix sp., Cimi7iins hartii Ball, Colladonus 

 clitellarius (Say), Deltocephalus flavicosta Stal, Draeculacephala antica (Wlkr.), D. 

 mollipes (Say), D. paludosa B. and C, D. portola Ball, D. spp., Enipoasca fahae (Harr.), 

 Exitianus exitiosus Uhl., Gmviivella nigrifrons (Fbs.), G. pallidula Osb., G. sp., 

 Hortensia siniilis (Wlkr.), Keonolla dolobrata (Ball), Macrosteles fascifrons (Stal), 

 Neokolla hieroglyphica (Say), Paraphlepnius irroratiis (Say), Sancta7uis sp., 

 Scaphytopiiis sp., Tylozygus bifidus (Say), Cicadellinae spp.; Delphacodes basivifta (Van 

 D.), Delphacidae sp.; both nymphs and adults are stored; cicadellids are preferred prey 

 and delphacids are used rarely. 

 AlysonO) melleus Say, 1837. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 380. 9. 



Taxonomy: Evans and Lin, 1956. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 82: 41, figs. 1-7 (larva). —Evans, 

 1959. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 85: 150, fig. 60 (larva). 



Biology: Hartman, 1905. Tex. Acad. Sci., Trans. 7: 56-57 (nest, prey transport). — Rau and 

 Rau, 1918. Wasp studies afield, pp. 140-144, fig. 33 (nest, prey). —Evans, 1966. Compar. 

 ethology and evolution of sand wasps, pp. 17-28, figs. 9-20 (nest, prey, mating, egg, life 

 cycle, parasite ?). —Evans, 1968. Ent. Soc Amer., Ann. 61: 1343 (prey). — Kurczewski and 

 Kurczewski, 1971. Kans. Ent. Soc, Jour. 44: 335 (prey). 

 oppositus Say. Transit, and U. Austr. Zones east of Rocky Mts., N. B. and Ont. to Ga. and 

 Tenn., west to Mich,, Iowa and Colo. Prey: Draeculacephala mollipes (Say). 

 Alyso7iC.) oppositus Say, 1837. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 380. 9,6. 

 Alyson(\) oppositus var. a Say, 1837. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 380. 



Biology: Evans, 1966. Compar. ethology and evolution of sand wasps, p. 28 (prey). 



Morphology: Snodgrass, 1941. Smithsn. Inst., Misc. Collect. 99 (14): pi. 20, figs. F-H (male 



genitalia). 

 radiatus Fox. Colo., Nev., Calif., Wash. 



AlysonV.) radiatus Fox, 1894. Ent. News 5: 87. 9, 6. 

 striatus Fox. D. C, N. Y., 



AlysonC) striatus Fox, 1894. Ent. News 5: 88. 6. 

 triangulifer shawi Bradley. Nev., B. C, Calif. 



Alysson shawi Bradley, 1920. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 46: 130. 6. 

 triangulifer triangulifer Provancher. Ont. and Que. south to Md., Mich, and Ky. west to N. 

 Dak. and Colo., Idaho, Alaska. 



Alyson(,\) triangulifer Provancher, 1887. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 272. S. 



Genus DIDINEIS Wesmael 



Didineis Wesmael, 1852. Acad. Roy. Belg., Bui. 19: 109. 



