1720 Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico 



nigripes Parker. Calif.; Mexico (Baja California). Ecology: Nests in bare desert soil. Prey: 

 Aplioebantus sp. near tardus Coq., A. hirsutus Coq. 

 Sfenioiia nigripes Parker, 1917. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 52: 8. 6. 



Taxonomy: Evans and Lin, 1956. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 82: 53 (larva). 

 Biology: Gillaspy, 1951. Pan-Pacific Ent. 27: 167-168 (nest, prey, cocoon). 

 obliqua (Cresson). Mont, to N. Mex., west to B. C. and Calif. Ecology: Nests in fine-grained, 

 powdery sandy loam. Parasite: Pamopes chnjsoprasinus Sm.?, P. edwardsii (Cr.); 

 Mutillidae sp.; Taxigramma heteroneura (Meig.)?, Hilarella hilarella (Zett.)? Prey: Villa 

 sinuosa jaennickeana 0. S., V. I. lateralis Say, V. a. alteiiiata (Say), V. a. nigropecta 

 Cr., V. concessor Coq., Geron sp., Bombylius sp.; Pipiza calcarata Lw.; Lucilia sp.; 

 Bombyliidae are the preferred prey. 

 Monedula obliqua Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 469. 9. 



Taxonomy: Evans, 1964. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 90: 265, fig. 45 (larva). 



Biology: Evans and Gillaspy, 1964. Amer. Midland Nat. 72: 266-272, figs. 1-10, 13, 14 

 (clustering, mating, nest, prey capture and transport, life cycle, cocoon, parasites). 

 —Evans, 1970. Mus. Compar. Zool., Bui. 140: 494-495 (nest, prey, parasites). 

 scolopacea albicantia Parker. B. C. to northern Calif., Idaho. 



Steniolia albicantia Parker, 1917. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 52: 12. 3. 



Biology: Evans and Gillaspy, 1964. Amer. Midland Nat. 72: 261 (clustering). 

 scolopacea scolopacea Handlirsch. Calif., Nev.; Mexico (Baja California). 



Steniolia scolopacea Handlirsch, 1889. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. Kl., Sitzber. 98: 510. 

 6, 9. 

 sulfurea Fox. Calif. 



Steniolia sulfurea Fox, 1901. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 9: 84. 6. 

 tibialis Handlirsch. Wash, to Calif., Nev., Idaho. Prey: Conophorus nigripennis (Lw.); Syrphus 

 sp. 

 Steniolia tibialis Handlirsch, 1889. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. Kl., Sitzber. 98: 513. 6, 

 9. 



Biology: Evans and Gillaspy, 1964. Amer. Midland Nat. 72: 276 (prey). 

 vanduzeei Gillaspy. Calif., Nev. 



Steniolia vanduzeei Gillaspy, 1964. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 89: 62, figs. 13, 37, 53, 83. d, 9. 



Family PHILANTHIDAE 



So far as known all members of this family are ground-nesters. 



Taxonomy: Evans, 1957. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 83: 79-89, figs. 1-35 (larvae). —Evans, 1959. 

 Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 85: 156-157 (larvae). -Menke, 1967. Pan-Pacific Ent. 43: 147-148 

 (key to genera). — Bohart and Grissell, 1975. Calif. Ins. Survey, Bui. 19: 1-92, 151 figs., 46 

 maps (Calif, spp. with keys to North American Philanthinae). 



Biology: Alcock, 1975. Kans. Ent. Soc, Jour. 48: 532-545, 7 figs, (male mating strategy). 



Subfamily PHILANTHINAE 

 Genus PHILANTHUS Fabricius 



Philanthus Fabricius, 1790. Skrivt. Natur. Hist. Selsk., v. 1, p. 224. 



Type-species: Philanthus coronatus Fabricius. Desig. by Shuckard, 1837. 

 Syviblephilus Panzer, 1806. Krit. Rev. Insektenf. Deutschlands, v. 2, p. 171. 



Type-species: Philanthus pictus Panzer. Desig. by Pate, 1937. 

 Simblephilus Jurine, 1807. Nouv. Method. Class. Hym. Dipt., p. 185. 



Type-species: Vespa triangulum Fabricius. Desig. by Morice and Durrant, 1914. 

 Ckeilopogonus Westwood, 1834. Zool. Jour. 5: 441. 



Type-species: Cheilopogonus punctiger Westwood. Monotypic 

 Philianthus (iuerin, 1835. Iconogr. Regne Anim., Ins., pi. 71, fig. 8. Lapsus. 

 Anthophilus Dahlbom, 1844. Hym. Europaea, v. 1, p. 190. 



