Superfamily SPHECOIDEA 1725 



Biology: Evans, 1966. Great Basin Nat. 26: 35-38 (nest, prey, parasite). —Evans, 1970. Mus. 

 Compar. Zool., Bui. 140: 496-498 (nest, prey, parasites). 

 sanbornii Cresson. Ont., New England States south to N. J. and west to Man. and N. Mex. 



Ecology: Nests in small aggregations in flat sand covered with grass. Prey: 



Agapostemon radiatus (Say), Lasioglossum forbesii (Robt.); Apis mellifera L.; worker 



honeybees are the preferred prey. 

 Philanthus sanbornii Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 5: 89. 6, 9. 

 Philanthus scutellans Cresson, 1879. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 7: Proc, p. xxxiv. S. 

 Philaiithus eurynome Fox, 1890. Ent. News 1: 107. 9. 

 Philanthus tnimani Dunning, 1897. Ent. News 8: 70. 9. 

 Philanthus magdalenae Strandtmann, 1946. A Rev. of the N. Amer. Spp. of Philanthus, 



p. 89. 9. 



Biology: Evans, 1955. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Bui. 50: 47 (nest, prey). —Evans and Lin, 1959. 

 Amer. Midland Nat. 17: 128-129 (nest, prey). 

 schusteri Bohart. South. Calif. 



Philanthus schusteri Bohart, 1972. Ent. Soc Wash., Proc 74: 402, fig. 4. d, 9. 

 serrulatae Dunning. Southwest. States; Mexico (Sonora). 



Philanthus sei-rulatae Dunning, 1898. Canad. Ent. 30: 154. 9. 

 siouxensis Mickel. Great Plains and Rocky Mt. States; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila). 



Philanthus siouxensis Mickel, 1916. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 42: 406. 9. 

 solivagus Say. Northeast. States south to Va. and west to Wis., southeast. Canada. Ecology: 

 Nests in flat to slightly sloping sand, makes up to 6 or more cells per nest, stores 6-14 

 prey per cell. Parasite: Senotainia trilineata (Wulp), Phrosinella fulvicomis Coq.? Prey: 

 Ancistrocerus c. catskill (Sauss.), A. c. albophaleratus (Sauss.), A. a. adiabatus (Sauss.); 

 Ectemnius continuus (P.), E. lapidarius (Panz.), Lestica i. interrupta (Lep. and Br.); 

 Colletes americanus Cr.; Andrena asteris Robt., A. nubecula Sm., A. solidaginis Robt., 

 A. subaustralis CklL, A. spp.; Agapostemon virescens (F.), Augochlora pura (Say), 

 Augochlorella aurata (Sm.), A. striata (Prov.), Augochloropsis cuprea (Sm.), Dialictus 

 euryceps (Ellis), D. lineatulus (Cwfd.), D. oblongus (Lov.), D. versans (Lov.), Halictus c. 

 C07ifusus Sm., H. ligatus Say, H. nibicundus (Chr.), Lasioglossum coriaceum (Sm.), L. 

 leucozonium (Schr.), Sphecodes davisii Robt.; bees are the preferred prey. 

 Philanthus solivagus Say, 1837. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 383. 6. 

 Philanthus solidagus{\) Howard, 1901. Insect Book, pi. 3, fig. 31. 



Taxonomy: Evans, 1957. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 83: 83, figs. 16-18 (larva). 



Biology: Ristich, 1956. Ohio Jour. Sci. 56: 271-274 (parasite). —Evans and Lin, 1959. Amer. 

 Midland Nat. 17: 120-124, figs. 6-8 (nest, prey, parasite). 

 tarsatus Smith. Colo., Nebr., Tex. 



Philanthus tarsatus Smith, 1908. Nebr. Univ. Studies 8: 356. 9. 



ventilabris Fabricius. Generally distributed throughout the U. S. and south. Canada. Ecology: 

 Nests in flat sand, makes accessory burrow, stores up to 8 bees per cell. Prey: Perdita 

 albipennis Cr., P. sp.; Dialictus inco7ispicuus (Sm.), D. microlepoides (Ellis), D. 

 pruinosus (Robt.), D. versatus (Robt.), D. spp., Halictus ligatus Say, Lasioglossum 

 sisymbrii Ckll., Nomia nevadensis arizo7ie7isis Ckll. 



Philanthus ventilabris Fabricius, 1798. Sup. Ent. System., p. 268. 



Philanthus vertilabrisH) Fabricius, 1804. Systema Piezatorum, p. 303. 



Philanthus frontalis Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 5: 99. 6. Preocc. 



Liris rugosa Provancher, 1895. Nat. Canad. 22: 130. 6. 



Epiphilanthus ventralis{\) Ashmead, 1899. Canad. Ent. 31: 296. 



Philayithus ventralis(\) Howard, 1901. Insect Book, pi. 3, fig. 33. 



Philanthus vertilabris{\) var. completus Banks, 1915. Canad. Ent. 47: 406. S. 



Biology: Peckham and Peckham, 1905. Wasps, social and solitary, pp. 166-167 (nest, prey). 

 — Rau and Rau, 1918. Wasp studies afield, pp. 116-117 (nest, prey). —Evans and Lin, 1959. 

 Amer. Midland Nat. 17: 127 (nest, prey). — Alcock, 1975. Kans. Ent. Soc, Jour. 48: 541, figs. 

 6-7 (male mating strategy). —Alcock and Gamboa, 1975. Ariz. Acad. Sci., Jour. 10: 163-164, 

 fig. 4 (nest, prey). 



