Superfamily SPHECOIDEA 1727 



Winged queen ants of the genus Formica are used as prey. The wasps dealate the queens be- 

 fore placing them in the brood cell. 



Revision: Dunning, 1898. Amer. Ent. Soc. Trans. 25: 19-26. 

 foxi Dunning. South. Calif, deserts. 



Aphilanthops foxi Dunning, 1898. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 25: 21. 6. 

 frigidus (Smith). Transcont., N. S., Que., Wyo. and Wash, south to Va., Mich., N. Mex., Utah 

 and Calif. Ecology: Nests gregariously in pebbly sand, makes up to 4 or more cells per 

 nest, stores 2-3 dealated queen ants per cell. Parasite: Senotainia trilineata (Wulp), 

 Eiiaraba tergata (Coq.)? Prey: Winged queens of Formica fusca L., F. pallidefulva 

 nitidiventris Em., F. neogagates Em. 

 Philanthus frigidus Smith, 1856. Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus., v. 4, p. 475. S. 

 Aphilanthops bakeri Dunning, 1896. Canad. Ent. 28: 203. 6. 

 Nomada {Holonomada) dawsoni Swenk, 1912. Nebr. Univ. Studies 12: 83. 6. 



Taxonomy: Evans, 1957. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 83: 81, figs. 1-10 (larva). 



Biology: Peckham and Peckham, 1905. Wasps, social and solitary, pp. 167-177, 1 fig. (nest, 

 prey). —Wheeler, 1913. Jour. Anim. Behavior 3: 374-387 (nest, prey). — Ristich, 1956. Ohio 

 Jour. Sci. 56: 271-274 (parasite). —Evans, 1962. Behaviour 19: 240-245, fig. la (nest, prey 

 carriage, parasite ?). 

 hispidus Fox. Ariz., south. Calif.; Mexico (Baja California). 



Aphilanthops hispidus Fox, 1894. Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc (2) 4: 106. 6. 

 subfrigidus Dunning. N. Y., Colo., Wyo., Mont., Idaho, B. C, Wash., Oreg., Calif., Nev. Ecology: 

 Nests in compacted soil. Parasite: Senotainia trilineata (Wulp)?, Metopia argywcepliala 

 (Meig.)? Prey: Winged queens o{ Formica neogagates Em., F. fusca L. group. Predator: 

 Philanthus zebratus Cr. 

 Aphilanthops subfrigidus Dunning, 1898. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 25: 21. 6, 9. 

 Aphilanthops elsiae Dunning, 1898. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 25: 23. 9. 



Biology: Evans, 1962. Behaviour 19: 245 (prey). —Evans, 1970. Mus. Compar. Zool., Bui. 140: 

 496 (nest, prey, parasites ?). 



Genus CLYPEADON Patton 



Clypeadon Patton, 1897. Ent. News 8: 13. 



Type-species: Aphilanthops quadrinotatus Ashmead. Orig. desig. 



The eight known species occur in the western deserts of the Nearctic Region. Worker har- 

 vester ants of the genus Pogonomyrmex are used as prey, and each species apparently preys 

 upon only one species of ant. The ant is transported to the nest in a special ant clamp formed by 

 modification of the apex of the abdomen. 



californicus (Bohart). Calif., Oreg. 



Aphilanthops (Clypeadon) califomica Bohart, 1959. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 52: 108. S, 9. 

 dreisbachi (Bohart). Tex., Okla., Colo.; Mexico (Zacatecas, Jalisco, Nayarit, Queretaro, San Luis 

 Potosi). Prey: Worker ants, Pogonomyrmex barbatus rugosus Em. 

 Aphilanthops {Clypeadon) dreisbachi Bohart, 1959. Ent. Soc Amer., Ann. 52: 107. 6,9. 



Biology: Evans, 1962. Behaviour 19: 249 (prey). 

 evansi Bohart. N. Mex., Ariz., Calif. Ecology: Nests in sand dune, makes up to 5 or more cells 

 per nest, stores about 7-12 prey per cell. Parasite: Senotainia trilineata (Wulp). Prey: 

 Pogonomyrmex barbatus rugosus Em. workers. 

 Clypeadon evansi Bohart, 1966. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 68: 163. i, 9. 



Biology: Evans, 1962. Behaviour 19: 248-249, fig. 2 (nest, prey, parasite; det. as Aphilanthops 

 (Clypeadon) sp. A). — Alcock and Gamboa, 1975. Ariz. Acad. Sci., Jour. 10: 162-163, fig. 3 

 (prey capture, nest). 

 haigi (Bohart). Ariz, to west. Tex. Ecology: Nests in small aggregations in sand dunes, makes 

 up to 3 cells per nest, stores up to 14 prey per cell. Parasite: Miltogrammini sp.? Prey: 

 Pogonomyrmex barbatus rugosus Em. workers. 

 Aphilanthops {Clypeadon) haigi Bohart, 1959. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 52: 106. 6,9. 



