1672 Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico 



Genus CRABRO Fabricius 



Crabro Fabricius, 1775. Systema Ent., p. 373. Preocc, but placed on Official List of 

 Generic Names of Internatl. Comn. Zool. Nomencl., 1936., Op. 144. 



Type-species: Vespa cribraria Linnaeus. Desig. by Internatl. Comn. Zool. Nomencl., 

 1943. 

 Carabro Say, 1823. West. Quart. Rptr. 2: 78. Lapsus. 

 Crabro subg. Thyreopus Lepeletier and Brulle, 1835. Soc. Ent. France, Ann. 3: 519. 



Type-species: Sphex cribrariiis (Linnaeus). Desig. by Westwood, 1839. 

 Crabro subg. Thyreocnemiis Costa, 1871. Mus. Zool. Napoli, Ann. 6: 64. 



Type-species: Crabro pugillator Costa. Monotypic. 

 Anothyreus Dahlbom, 1845. Hym. Europaea, v. 1, p. 526. 



Type-species: Anothyreus lapponicus of Dahlbom. Desig. by Ashmead, 1899. 

 Paranothyreus Ashmead, 1899. Canad. Ent. 31: 213. 



Type-species: Crabro hilaris Smith. Orig. desig. 

 Synothyreopus Ashmead, 1899. Canad. Ent. 31: 213. 



Type-species: Thyreopus tianidus Packard. Orig. desig. 

 Pemphilis Pate, 1944. Amer. Midland Nat. 31: 340. 



Type-species: Vespa cribraria Linnaeus. Orig. desig. 

 Dyscolocrabro Pate, 1944. Amer. Midland Nat. 31: 349. 



Type-species: Crabro chalybeus Kohl. Orig. desig. 

 Agnosicrabro Pate, 1944. Amer. Midland Nat. 31: 349. 



Type-species: Crabro occultus Fabricius. Orig. desig. 

 Hemithyreopus Pate, 1944. Amer. Midland Nat. 31: 349. 



Type-species: Crabro (Ceratocolus) Loewi Dahlbom. Orig. desig. 

 Parathyreopus Pate, 1944. Amer. Midland Nat. 31: 349. 



Type-species: Crabro filiformis Radoszkowski. Orig. desig. 

 Pemphilis subg. Norumbega Pate, 1947. Notulae Nat. 185: 12. 



Type-species: Thyreopus argus Packard. Orig. desig. 



Subgenera have frequently been recognized in this large genus, but Bohart and Menke believe 

 that on morphological grounds it is preferable to recognize only species groups. This concept is 

 substantiated by a consideration of the ethology, for clearcut differences have not been demon- 

 strated for the several species groups. These wasps nest in the soil, usually constructing mul- 

 ticellular nests, some nesting gregariously, others are solitary. The prey consists of Diptera and, 

 frequently, each species has preferences for flies belonging to one or another suborder or sec- 

 tion. 



Biology: Kurczewski and Acciavatti, 1968. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 76: 196-212 (nesting behavior 

 of N. Amer. spp.). 



Species Group Hilaris 



This is the equivalent of Paranothyreus Ashm. 



aequalis Fox. U. S. east of 100th meridian, north to N. J. and N. Dak., south to Fla. 

 Crabro aequalis Fox, 1895. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 22: 164. 9. 

 Paranothyreus nigicollis Viereck, 1904. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 30: 241. 6. 

 Thyreopus (subgenus?) knoxensis Mickel, 1916. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 42: 424. 6. 

 cingulatus (Packard). N. J. to Ala. west to Wis., Nebr., Tex.; Mexico. Ecology: Nests in 

 vertical sand banks, makes 2-8 cells per nest, stores 11-20 flies per cell. Prey: 

 Paralimna punctipennis (Wied.). 

 Thyreopus cingulatus Packard, 1867. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc 6: 366. d, (9 misdet.). 

 Crabro clarconis Viereck, 1906. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 32: 213. 9. 



Biology: Rau and Rau, 1918. Wasp Studies Afield, pp. 96-101, figs. 24-26 (nest, prey 



transport). —Rau, 1938. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 31: 543. 

 cognatus Fox. Alta., U. S. except Pacific States, N. H. to Ga. west to Mont., Utah and Tex. 



Crabro cognatus Fox, 1895. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 22: 178. 9,6. 

 hilaris Smith. N. J. to Fla., 111., Nebr., Tex. 



Crabro hilaris Smith, 1856. Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus., v. 4, p. 416. 9. 



