Superfamily APOIDEA 1871 



nebraskensis Crawford. N. J., Wis. west to N. Dak., S. Dak., Nebr., Colo., south to 111., Ark. 

 and Kans. Parasite: Holcopasites heliopsis (Robt.), Sphecodes sp.? Pollen: Apparently 

 polylectic since mixed pollen loads from flowers of Leguminosae and Verbenaceae have 

 been observed; visitation records include flowers of Ambrosia, Asclepias, Medicago 

 sativa. Verbena hastata, V. stricta, V. urticaefolia, Vernonia. 

 Calliopsis verbenae var. Nebraskensis Crawford, 1902. Canad. Ent. 34: 240. 9,6. 



Taxonomy: Mitchell, 1960. N. C. Agr. Expt. Sta. Tech. Bui. 141: 291-292, figs. 69-71, table 8 

 (redescription). — Shinn, 1967. Kans. Univ. Sci. Bui. 46: 882-887, figs. 129-133, map 8 

 (redescription). 



Biology: Robertson, 1914. Ent. News 25: 72 (floral relationships, as verbenae). — Rau and 

 Rau, 1916. Jour. Anim. Behavior 6: 368 (nesting habits, mating). —Robertson, 1922. Psyche 

 29: 171 (floral relationships, as verbenae). —Rau, 1922. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 24 (7): 

 33 (nesting habits, mating behavior, parasite). —Shinn, 1967. Kans. Univ. Sci. Bui. 46: 

 886-887 (summary of bionomics including floral relationships). — Hurd and Linsley, 1972. 

 Smithsn. Contrib. Zool. 114: 39, table 1 (parasite). 

 verbenae Cockerell and Porter. West. Tex. to southeast. Ariz.; Mexico (Durango). Pollen: 



Unknown, but visits flowers of C hamaesaracha conioides, Sphaeralcea lobata. Verbena 



bipinnatifida, V. macdougalli. 

 Calliopsis verbenae Cockerell and Porter, 1899. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) 4: 412. 9,6. 



Taxonomy: Shinn, 1967. Kans. Univ. Sci. Bui. 46: 878-881, figs. 123-128, map 8 (tax. status, 

 redescription, flower records). 



NoMEN Nudum in Calliopsis Smith 



Calliopsis bridwelli Bridwell, 1899. Kans. Acad. Sci., Trans. 16: 210. 



Unplaced Taxon in Calliopsis Smith 



flavifrons Smith. Va., Fla. 



Calliopsis flavifrons Smith, 1853. Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus., v. 1, p. 129. 6. 



Taxonomy: Cockerell, 1905. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 31: 321. 9. —Mitchell, 1960. N. C. Agr. 

 Expt. Sta. Tech. Bui. 141: 293 (tax. status). —Shinn, 1967. Kans. Univ. Sci. Bui. 46: 892 

 (tax. status). 



Genus HYPOMACROTERA Cockerell and Porter 



Hypomacrotera Cockerell and Porter, 1899. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) 4: 418. 

 Type-species: Hypomacrotera callops Cockerell and Porter. Orig. desig. 



Biology: Rozen, 1970. Amer. Mus. Novitates 2416: 1-16, 19 figs., table 1 (nest architecture, 

 life history, mating habits, immature stages, nest associates). 

 callops callops Cockerell and Porter. Colo., N. Mex., Ariz. Parasite: Holcopasites illinoiensis 

 minimus (Linsley)? Pollen: Collects pollen from the flowers of Sphaeralcea. 

 Hypomacrotera callops Cockerell and Porter, 1899. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) 4: 419. 6, 

 9. 



Taxonomy: Cockerell, 1937. Amer. Mus. Novitates 948: 3. —Rozen, 1970. Amer. Mus. 

 Novitates 2416: 7-9, 15-16, figs. 3-8, 18-19 (larva, pupa). 



Biology: Rozen, 1970. Amer. Mus. Novitates 2416: 2-5, table, 1 (nest architecture, nesting 

 habits, pollen source). —Hurd and Linsley, 1972. Smithsn. Contrib. Zool. 114: 36, table 1 

 (parasite). 

 callops persimilis Cockerell. Ariz., south. Calif.; Mexico (Baja California and Sonora). Parasite: 

 Holcopasites illinoiensis yninimus (Linsley). Pollen: Collects pollen from the flowers of 

 Physalis, but visits other flowers for nectar including Melilotus alba, Sida hederacea. 

 Hypomacrotera callops persimilis Cockerell, 1899. Entomologist 33: 64. 9, 6. 



Biology: Hurd and Linsley, 1972. Smithsn. Contrib. Zool. 114: 36, table 1 (parasite). 

 subalpinus andradensis Cockerell. N. Mex. to south. Calif.; Mexico (Baja California and ^ 



Sonora). Pollen: Collects pollen from the flowers of Sphaeralcea including S. ambigua, S. 



