Superfamily APOIDEA 1993 



Type-species: Dianthidimn sayi Cockerell. Orig. desig. (=Anthidium curvatum 

 Cockerell). 



Taxonomy: Schwarz, 1926. Amer. Mus. Novitates 226: 1-15 (N. Amer. spp.). — Timberlake, 

 1943. N. Y. Ent. See, Jour. 51: 71-109 (racial differentiation of Nearctic spp.). 

 —Timberlake, 1948 N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 56: 149-153 (additions and corrections). 

 —Timberlake, 1949. Pan-Pacific Ent. 25: 129-132 (Baja Calif, spp.). -Mitchell, 1962. N. C. 

 Agr. Expt. Sta. Tech. Bui. 152: 15-18, figs. 1, 5, table 1 (eastern U. S. spp.). — Grigarick and 

 Stange, 1968. Calif. Ins. Survey, Bui. 9: 38-58, figs. 5, 138-203, 221-224, maps 27-39 (Calif, 

 spp.). 



Biology: Hurd and Linsley, 1950. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 58: 247-250 (parasites and inquilines). 

 —Grigarick and Stange, 1968. Calif. Ins. Survey, Bui. 9: 39 (summary of literature). 

 —Clement, 1976. Wasmann Jour. Biol. 34: 9-10 (summary of literature). 

 concinnum (Cresson). Kans., Colo., Tex., Ariz. Ecology: Nests have been reported from 

 underside of stone and in dead branch of Chinese elm. 

 Anthidiuvi concinnum Cresson, 1872. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 4: 270. 9,6. 



Biology: Hungerford and Williams, 1912. Ent. News 23: 256 (nest). -Schwarz, 1928. N. Y. 

 Ent. Soc, Jour. 36: 408-409 (nest). —Fischer, 1951. Kans. Ent. Soc. Jour. 24: 46, figs. 1, 2 

 (nest). 

 cressonii (Dalla Torre). Utah, Colo., Nev., Ariz., N. Mex. 



Anthidium venustu7)i Cresson, 1878. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 7: 113. 9. Preocc. 

 Anthidiuvi cressonii Dalla Torre, 1896. Cat. Hym., v. 10, p. 458. N. name. 

 curvatum curvatum (Smith). N. C. to Fla., west to Mo. and Ark. Pollen: Unknown, but visits 

 flowers oi Aster, Chrysopsis, Helenium, Koellia, Psoralen. 

 Anthidium curvatum Smith, 1854. Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus., v. 2, p. 215. 9. 

 curvatum sayi Cockerell. Alta., Idaho, Utah, Colo, and Kans., south to east. Calif., Ariz, and 

 Tex. Ecology: Nests in aggregations in the soil, uses resin from stems and leaves of 

 Helianthus petiolaris for nest construction. Parasite: Dasymutilla asopus bexar (Blake), 

 Eusapyga rubripes Cress., Monodontonierus montivagus Ashm., Rhydinofoenus 

 pattersonae Melander and Brues, Sphaeropthalma uro (Blake), Villa (Anthrax) sp. 

 Megachile interrnpta Say, 1824. In Keating, Narr. Long's 2nd Exped., v. 2, p. 350. 6, 9. 



Preocc. 

 Dianthidimn Sayi Cockerell, 1907. Canad. Ent. 39: 136. N. name. 



Taxonomy: Michener, 1953. Kans. Univ. Sci., Bui. 35: 1045, figs. 130-133 (larva). -Grigarick 

 and Stange, 1968. Calif. Ins. Surv., Bui. 9: 41-42, figs. 171-173, 178, 197, map 27 (tax. 

 characters, geogr. records). 



Biology: Hungerford and Williams, 1912. Ent. News 23: 256 (nest, as curvatuvi). —Hicks, 

 1926. Amer. Nat. 9: 199 (nest). —Hicks, 1926. Colo. Univ., Studies 15: 249 (nest, parasite). 

 -Custer and Hicks, 1927. Biol. Bui. 52: 268 (nest) -Custer, 1928. Ent. News 39: 123 

 (nest). — Mickel, 1928. U. S. Natl. Mus., Bui. 143: 61 (parasite). —Fischer, 1951. Kans. Ent. 

 Soc, Jour. 24: 47-49 (nest). 



curvatum xerophilum Cockerell. N. Mex., Ariz. (Apache Pass). 



Dianthidium Sayi xerophilum Cockerell, 1907. Canad. Ent. 39: 136. 9. 



desertorum Timberlake. South. Calif. (Colorado Desert). Pollen: Unknown, but visits flowers 

 of Hyptis evioryi. 

 Dianthidium desertorum Timberlake. 1943. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 51: 84. S, 9. 



Taxonomy: Grigarick and Stange, 1968. Calif. Ins. Survey, Bui. 9: 42, figs. 168-170, 184, 196, 

 map 28 (tax. characters, geogr. and floral records). 



discors Timberlake. West Tex., Ariz. 



Dianthidium discors Timberlake, 1948. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 56: 149. 9. 



dubium dilectum Timberlake. Calif. (Central Coast and Peninsular ranges). Ecology: Nests 



made of gravel and resin have been found attached to a leaf and on exposed clay shales. 

 Parasite: Amobia floridensis (Twn.), Chrysis coerulans Fabr., Sapyga nevadica Cress., 

 Toxophora pellucida Coq. Pollen: Apparently polylectic, visits flowers of Achillea 



