Superfamily APOIDEA 2031 



Genus ASHMEADIELLA Subgenus CUBITOGNATHA Michener 



Ashmeadiella subg. Cubitognatha Michener, 1939. Amer. Midland Nat. 22: 81. 



Type-species: Ashmeadiella xenomastax Michener. Orig. desig. and monotypic. 

 xenomastax Michener. South, and east. Calif., Nev.; Mexico (Sonora); deserts. Pollen: 



Apparently polylectic, visits flowers oi Aster abatus, Chaenactis xantiana, Dalea 

 califomica, D. mollis, D. polyadenia, D. saundersii, D. schottii, Eriogonum 

 fasciculatum, Lotus, Lupinus odoratus, Phacelia distans, Pholisma arenarium., Salvia 

 columbariae. 

 Ashmeadiella {Cubitognatha) xenomastax Michener, 1939. Amer. Midland Nat. 22: 81. 9. 



Taxonomy: Michener, 1942. Ent. News 53: 51. 6. 



Genus OSMIA Panzer 



Revision: Sandhouse, 1939. Ent. Soc. Wash., Mem. 1: 1-167 (Nearctic spp.). —Rust, 1974. 

 Wasmann Jour. Biol. 32: 1-93, 45 figs., 9 tables (treats Nearctic spp. of the subgenera 

 Cephalosmia, Chalcosmia and Osmia and includes information on their biologies). 



Taxonomy: Sandhouse, 1924. Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. (4) 13: 357-364 (key to western spp.). 



— Sandhouse, 1925. Canad. Ent. 57: 35-41 (key to Canad. spp.). —Michener, 1941. Amer. 

 Midland Nat. 26: 147-167 (classification). — Sinha, 1958 (1956). Xth Internatl. Congress 

 Ent., Proc. 1: 243-251, 1 fig., 4 tables (phylogenetic relationships). —Sinha, 1958. Kans. 

 Univ. Sci. Bui. 39: 211-261, 151 figs, (reclassification of New World subgenera). —Mitchell, 

 1962. N. C. Agr. Expt. Sta. Tech. Bui. 152: 69-107, figs. 1, 25-35, table 4 (eastern U. S. 

 spp.). -Snelling, 1967. South. Calif. Acad. Sci., Bui. 66: 103-108, 1 fig. (treats subgenera 

 Euthosmia and Mystacosmia). 



Biology: Rau, 1937. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 30: 324-343, 6 figs., 2 tables (nesting habits). 



— Bohart, 1955. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 57: 203-204 (gradual nest supersedure). 



— Crosswhite and Crosswhite, 1966. Amer. Midland Nat. 76: 450-467 (Penstemon visiting 

 spp.). — Krombein, 1967. Trap-nesting wasps and bees, pp. 295-320, pi. 16, figs. 70-77, pi. 17, 

 figs. 82-85, 87, pi. 18, figs. 88-91, pi. 23, figs. 111-114, pi. 27, figs. 128-130, tables 29-33 (life 

 histories, nests, associates). — Medler, 1967. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 60: 338-344, figs. 1-2, 2 

 tables (life histories, nests and associates of Wis. spp.). — Maeta, 1969. The life study, 

 Fukui 13: 41-43 (supersedure). —Rust, 1974. Wasmann Jour. Biol. 32: 1-93, 45 figs., 9 tables 

 (life histories, nests and associates of the subgenera Cephalosmia, Chalcosmia and 

 Osmia). 



Genus OSMIA Subgenus OSMIA Panzer 



Osmia Panzer, 1806. Krit. Rev. Insektenf. Deutschlands, v. 2, p. 230. 



Type-species: Apis rufa Linnaeus. Desig. by Latreille, 1810. (=Apis bicomis 

 Linnaeus). 

 Amblys Klug, 1807. Mag. Insektenk. 6: 198. 



Type-species: Apis rufa Linnaeus. Desig. by Latreille, 1810. 

 Osmia subg. Ceratosmia Thomson, 1872. Hym. Scand., v. 2, p. 232. 



Type-species: Apis rufa Linnaeus. Monotypic. 

 Osmia subg. Aceratosviia Schmiedeknecht, [1885]. Apidae Europaeae, v. 2, p. 19. 



Type-species: Osmia emarginata Lepeletier. Desig. by Sandhouse, 1939. 

 Osmia subg. Pachyosmia Ducke, 1900. Ber. naturw.-med. Ver. Innsbruck 25: 18. 



Type-species: Osmia rufa (Linnaeus). Desig. by Sandhouse, 1939. 



Revision: Rust, 1974. Wasmann Jour. Biol. 32: 8-32, figs. 1-2, 7-15, tables 1-3 (Nearctic spp.). 

 Biology: Rust, 1974. Wasmann Jour. Biol. 32: 9-11 (summary of information on life histories). 

 cornifrons (Radoszkowski). Utah (Garden City and Providence Canyon); China, Korea, Japan. 

 Ecology: Nests in preexisting burrows, holes or cavities in wood, stems or culms 

 including trap-nests. Purposely introduced into Utah from Morioka, Japan in 1965 and 

 possibly is an established species. Parasite: Tricrania stansburyi (Hald.). Pollen: 

 Apparently polylectic, visits flowers of Malus, Prunus, Pyrus. 

 Chalicodoma coniifrons Radoszkowski, 1887. Soc. Ent. Ross., Horae 21: 430. 9. 



