Superfamily APOIDEA 2191 



Genus BOMBUS Latreille 



The genus Bombus comprises medium to large-sized, nest-building, social species, each of 

 which normally has a worker caste and a primary reproductive caste of males and females. The 

 females, or queens, and the workers have pollen-collecting baskets on the hindlegs. These bees 

 usually live in colonies in or on the ground, often in the deserted nests of rodents. Most of the 

 species in America north of Mexico depend upon a comparatively wide variety of flowers for 

 nectar and pollen. The classification and arrangement of the subgenera in this catalog is that of 

 Richards (1968. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. Ent., Bui. 22: 209-276, 39 text-figs.). 



Revision: Franklin, 1912. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 38: 177-486 (New World spp., first part ). 



— Franklin, 1913. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 39: 73-200, 22 pis. (New World spp., concluding 

 part). — Milliron, 1970. Ent. Soc. Canada, Mem. 65: i-lii (bibliography of New World spp.). 

 — Milliron, 1971. Ent. Soc. Canada, Mem. 82: 1-80, pis. I-XI, 14 figs., 6 maps (Part I: 

 contains information on development of color, distribution, external morphology, 

 hybridization, life histories, phylogeny and classification; treats west, hemisphere spp. of 

 genus Bombus and genus Megabombus subg. Bombias). —Milliron, 1972. Ent. Soc. 

 Canada, Mem. 89: 81-237, pis. XII-XV, maps 7-35 (Part II: treats west, hemisphere spp. of 

 genus Megabombus subg. Megabombus). —Milliron, 1973. Ent. Soc. Canada, Mem. 91: 

 239-333, pis. XVI-XX, maps 36-56 (Part III: treats west, hemisphere spp. of genus 

 Pyrobombus subg. Cullumanobombus). — Loken, 1973. Norsk Ent. Tidsskr. 20: 1-218, 99 

 figs., 26 Tables (Scandinavian spp., including certain circumpolar spp.). 



Taxonomy: Lutz, 1916. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 35: 501-521 (geogr. distribution). — Frison, 

 1919. 111. Acad. Sci., Trans. 12: 157-165 (Illinois spp.). —Jackson, 1920. Ent. Soc. Wash.,* 

 Proc. 22: 162-168 (District of Columbia and vicinity). —Lutz and Cockerell, 1920. Amer. 

 Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 502-539 (catalog of N. Amer. spp.). — Fattig. 1923. Fla. Ent. 7: 25 

 (Florida spp.). — Neave, 1926. Ent. News 37: 252-254 (Alberta spp.). —Frison, 1927. Amer. 

 Ent. Soc, Trans. 53: 51-78, 2 pis. (systematic relationships of spp. in Amer. north of 

 Mexico). — ScuUen, 1927. Pan-Pacific Ent. 4: 69-76, 121-128 (Oregon spp.). — Plath, 1927. 

 Biol. Bui. 52: 394-410, 6 figs., 2 tables (natural groupings based on biological characters). 



— Richards, 1931. Tromso Mus. Arshefter 50 (1927): 1-32, 2 pis. (spp. allied to Bombus 

 alpinus). — Ritcher, 1933. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 26: 53-63, 33 figs, (larvae). —Neave, 1933. 

 Canad. Jour. Res. 8: 62-72 (Manitoba spp.). — Skorikov, 1937. Ent. Meddel. 20: 37-64 

 (Greenland spp. and their circumpolar relationships). —Milliron, 1939. Mich. Acad. Sci. Arts 

 and Letters, Papers 24 (2): 168-182 (Michigan spp.). —Chandler, 1950. Indiana Acad. Sci., 

 Proc. 60: 167-177 (Indiana spp.). — Kruseman, 1952. IXth Internatl. Congr. Ent., Trans. 1: 

 101-102 (subgeneric classification). —Franklin, 1954. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 80: 43-51 

 (evolution and distribution). —Chandler, 1954. Indiana Acad. Sci., Proc. 63: 165-167 (color 

 variation). —Franklin, 1955. Ent. News 66: 65-68 (morphometric studies of males). 

 —Chandler, 1956. Indiana Acad. Sci., Proc. 65: 116-117 (parallel color variation). —Stephen, 

 1957. Oreg. Agr. Expt. Sta. Tech. Bui. 40: 1-163, 31 figs., 18 maps (west. N. Amer. spp.). 

 —Milliron, 1960. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 55: 87-99 (types of west, hemisphere spp.). 

 —Milliron, 1961. Kans. Ent. Soc, Jour. 34: 49-61 (classification). —Thorp, 1962. Pan-Pacific 

 Ent. 38: 21-28 (distribution of some west. N. Amer. spp.). — LaBerge and Webb, 1962. 

 Nebr. Agr. Expt. Sta. Res. Bui. 205: 1-38 (Nebraska spp.). — Medler, 1962. Ent. Soc. Amer., 

 Ann. 55: 212-218, 1 fig., 4 tables (morphometric studies of radial cell, glossa, prementum 

 and first segment of labial palpus). —Medler, 1962. Xlth Internatl. Kongr. Ent. Wien, 

 Verh. 2 (1960): 517-521 (morphometric analyses of mouthparts). —Milliron, 1962. Canad. 

 Ent. 94: 728-735 (synonymies of New World spp.). —Mitchell, 1962. N. C. Agr. Expt. Sta. 

 Tech. Bui. 152: 513-538, figs. 128-133, table 18 (eastern U. S. spp.). —Medler and Carney, 



1963. Wis. Agr. Expt. Sta. Res. Bui. 240: 1-47 (Wisconsin spp.). — Hazeltine and Chandler, 



1964. Kans. Ent. Soc, Jour. 37: 77-87, 6 pis. (queens). — Hobbs, 1964. Canad. Ent. 96: 

 115-116 (phylogeny based on brood-rearing behavior). —Richards, 1968. Brit. Mus. Nat. 

 Hist., Bui. (Ent.) 22: 211-276, 39 figs, (subgeneric classification). —Thorp, 1969. Pan-Pacific 

 Ent. 45: 87-96 (key to spp. of flavifrons group). —Thorp, 1970. Pan-Pacific Ent. 46: 177-180 

 (notes on Ariz, records of Bombus balteatus, B.franklini, B. sylvicola). —Loken, 1973. 

 Norsk Ent., Tidsskr. 20: 1-218, 99 figs. (Scandinavian spp., including certain circumpolar 

 spp.). —Stephen and Koontz, 1973. Melanderia 13: 1-12, 52 figs. (larvae). 



