2194 Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico 



Taxonomy: Mitchell, 1962. N. C. Agr. Expt. Sta. Tech. Bui. 152: 518-519, table 18 (synonymy, 

 redescription). — Milliron, 1971. Ent. Soc. Canada, Mem. 82: 67-72, pi. X, map 4 

 (redescription, geogr. and floral records). 



Biology: Plath, 1922. Psyche 29: 190-192 (nest, parasite). — Plath, 1927. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 

 20: 188, 191 (hibernation, parasite). —Plath, 1934. Bumblebees and their ways, p. 135 (life 

 history). 

 lucorum lucorum (Linnaeus). Holarctic; Alaska southward to parts of south. B. C. and Alta., 



east through Yukon and N. W. T. In addition to the following subspecies, other 



subspecies occur in Arctic Eurasia. 

 Apis lucorum Linnaeus, 1761. Fauna Suecica, Ed. 2, p. 425. <J. 

 Apis cryptarum Fabricius, 1775. System. Ent., p. 379. 9. 

 Bonibus moderatus Cresson, 1863. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 109. 9. 

 Bombus terrestris var. schmiedeknechti Verhoeff, 1892. Berlin. Ent. Ztschr. 36: 205. 

 Terrestribombus' lucorum form magnus Vogt, 1911. Gesell. Naturf. Freunde, Sitzber. p. 56. 



9. 

 Bombus jacobsoni Skorikov, 1912. Rev. Russ. Ent. 12: 610. 



Taxonomy: Milliron, 1971. Ent. Soc. Canada, Mem. 82: 45-50, pi. X, map. 1 (synonymy, 

 redescription, geogr. and floral records). — Loken, 1973. Norsk Ent. Tidsskr. 20: 40-46, fig. 

 54 (synonymy, tax. characters, color variation). 

 lucorum patagiatus Nylander. Northeast. Siberia, Kamchatka Peninsula, east to Alaska 



Peninsula (Aleutian Range). 

 Bombus patagiatus Nylander, 1848. Notiser Sallskapet Fauna Fenn., Forhandl. 1: 234. 9 



(or possibly worker). 

 Bombus viduus Erichson, 1851. In Middendorff, Reise in den Aussersten Norden und 



Osten Sibiriens 2: 65. 

 Bombus albocinctus Smith, 1854. Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus., v. 2, p. 397. 9. 

 Bombus florilegus Panfilov, 1956. Zool. Zhur. 35: 1334. 



Taxonomy: Milliron, 1971. Ent. Soc. Canada, Mem. 82: 51 (synonymy, tax. characters, geogr. 

 range). 

 terricola terricola Kirby. N. S. to Fla., west to B. C, Mont, and S. Dak. Ecology: Colonies are 

 frequently usurped by queens of Bombus affinis Cress. Parasite: Psithyrus ashtoni 

 (Cress.), P. insularis (Sm.), P. suckleyi (Greene). 

 Bombus terricola Kirby, 1837. Fauna Bor.-Amer., v. 4, p. 273. 9. 



Taxonomy: Stephen, 1957. Oreg. Agr. Expt. Sta. Tech. Bui. 40: 81-83, fig. 17 (redescription, 

 geogr. records). -Mitchell, 1962. N. C. Agr. Expt. Sta. Tech. BuL 152: 519-520, fig. 133, 

 table 18 (redescription, geogr. and floral records). — MUliron, 1971. Ent. Soc. Canada, Mem. 

 82: 52-58, pi. X, map 2 (redescription, geogr. and floral records). 



Biology: Plath, 1922. Psyche 29: 192-193 (nest). -Plath, 1927. Psyche 34: 122-124 (nest, 

 parasite). —Plath, 1927. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 20: 188, 191 (hibernation, parasite). —Plath, 

 1934. Bumblebees and their ways, p. 138 (life history, parasite). 



Morphology: Heinrich, 1972. Jour. Comp. Physiol. 77: 49-64 (energetics of temperature 

 regulation and foraging). 

 terricola occidentalis Greene. Alaska south to north. Calif., Nev., Ariz., N. Mex. and S. Dak. 



Parasite: Psithyrus fenialdae Franklin, P. insularis (Sm.), P. suckleyi (Greene). 



Predator: Philanthus bicinctus (Mickel). 

 Bombus occidentalis Greene, 1858. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., Ann. 7: 12. 9, 6. 

 Bombus modestus Smith, 1861. Jour, of Ent. 1: 153. 5. 

 Bombus proximus Cresson, 1863. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 98. 5. 

 Bombus howardi Cresson, 1863. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 99. 6. 



Bombus perixanthus Cockerell and Porter, 1899. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) 4: 389. 6. 

 Bombus mckayi Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 125. 9. 

 Bombus proximus var. coloradensis Titus, 1902. Canad. Ent. 34: 38. 9. 

 Bombus nigroscutatus Franklin, 1908. In Fletcher and Gibson, Ent. Soc. Ontario, Ann. 



Rpt. 39: 111. Nomen nudum. 



