Superfamily APOIDEA 2195 



Bomhus occidentalis nigroscutatus Franklin, 1912. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 38: 269, 271. 9, 



6, 5. 

 Brenms franklini Prison, 1921. Ent. News 32: 147. 9. 

 Bremus terricola var. severini Frison, 1926. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 52: 139. 9. 



Taxonomy: Stephen, 1957. Oreg. Agr. Expt. Sta. Tech. Bui. 40: 71-81, figs. 14, 15 



(redescriptions, geogr. records, as occidentalis occidentalis, o. nigroscutatus, franklini). 

 —Thorp, 1970. Pan-Pacific Ent. 46: 177-180 (type locality and Ariz, records oi franklini). 

 — Milliron, 1971. Ent. Soc. Canada, Mem. 82: 58-67, map 3 (synonymy, redescription, geogr. 

 and floral records). 



Biology: Plath, 1922. Psyche 29: 192 (nest). — Armitage, 1965. Kans. Ent. Soc, Jour. 38: 97 

 (predator). — Eshelman and Plowright, 1972. Canad. Ent. 104: 389-398 (nest entrance 

 recognition). —Wellington, 1974. Science 183: 550-551 (ocellar navigation at dusk). 



Genus BOMBUS Subgenus FRATERNOBOMBUS Skorikov 



Alpigenobombus subg. Fratemobombus Skorikov, 1922. Sta. Region. Protect. Plantes, 

 Petrograd Bui. 4: 156. 



Type-species: Apathus fratenius Smith. Desig. by Frison, 1927. 



This subgenus occurs only in North and Central America. 



fraternus (Smith). N. J. to Fla., west to N. Dak., S. Dak., Nebr., Colo, and N. Mex. Predator: 

 Promachus hinei Bromley. 

 Apathus fraternus Smith, 1854. Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus., v. 2, p. 385. 6. 

 Bombus scutellaris Cresson, 1863. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 96. 9, 6, 5- 



Taxonomy: Mitchell, 1962. N. C. Agr. Expt. Sta. Tech. Bui. 152: 526-527, figs. 131, 132, table 

 18 (redescription). —Milliron, 1973. Ent. Soc. Canada, Mem. 91: 243-246, pi. XVI, map 36 

 (redescription, geogr. and floral records). 



Biology: Thorp, 1973. Pan-Pacific Ent. 49: 89 (predator). 



Genus BOMBUS Subgenus BOMBIAS Robertson 



Bombias Robertson, 1903. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 29: 176. 



Type-species: Bombias auricoinus Robertson. Orig. desig. 

 Nevadensibombus Skorikov, 1922. Sta. Region. Protect. Plantes, Petrograd Bui. 4: 149. 



Type-species: Bombus nevadensis Cresson. Desig. by Frison, 1927. 



This subgenus is present only in North America. 

 Biology: Hobbs, 1965. Canad. Ent. 97: 120-128 (ecology). 

 nevadensis auricomus (Robertson). Ont. to Fla., west to Tex., Okla., Colo., Wyo., Mont, and 

 south. Canada (Sask., Alta. and B. C). Parasite: Brachicoma sarcophagina (Twns.), 

 Physocephala sagittaria (Say), Psithyrus citrinus (Sm.). 

 Bombias auricomus Robertson, 1903. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 29: 176. 9,6, 5. 



Taxonomy: Mitchell, 1962. N. C. Agr. Expt. Sta. Tech. Bui. 152: 520-521, table 18 (tax. status, 

 redescription). —Milliron, 1971. Ent. Soc Canada, Mem. 82: 77-80, map 6 (redescription, 

 geogr. and floral records). 



Biology: Frison, 1917. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 10: 277-286, pis. 23, 24 (life history, parasites). 

 —Frison, 1918. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 11: 43-48, pi. 3 (life history, parasite). —Howard, 

 1918. Ent. News 29: 114-115 (nest). -Plath, 1927. Psyche 34: 127 (nesting habits). -Plath, 

 1934. Bumblebees and their ways, p. 153 (life history). 

 nevadensis nevadensis Cresson. Alaska south to Calif., Ariz., N. Mex. and east to Wis.; Mexico 



(Hidalgo). Parasite: Physocephala marginata (Say), P. texana (Will.), Psithyrus 



insularis (Sm.), P. suckleyi (Greene). 

 Bombus nevadensis Cresson, 1874. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 5: 102. 9,6. 

 Bombus improbus Cresson, 1878. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Proc p. 186. 6. 

 Bombus 7ievadensis race cresso7ii Cockerell, 1899. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) 4: 388. 9. 

 Bombus nevadensis juiguelensis Cockerell, 1937. Pan-Pacific Ent. 13: 148. 6. 

 Bombus crotchii semisiiffusus Cockerell, 1937. Pan-Pacific Ent. 13: 148. 9. 



