No. 112.] 401 



again towards tlie middle of July, when the number of spears in 

 each hill were reduced to four. Immediately after the first hoe- 

 ing a tablespoonful of plaster was applied to eacli hill. 



A part only of the corn has been husked, which was of an 

 average growth with the whole field, and which yielded at th©^ 

 rate of seventy bushels of shelled corn to the acre. 



JOHN WOODRUFF. 



East-Aurora^ Sept. 29, 1852. 



Extracts from W. R. Coppock's Address. 

 Advantages of Subsoiling. 



m 



^* Upon a piece of land rather less than an acre and a half, that 

 had last been in potatoes, yielding a miserably poor and scanty 

 crop, I had the second season a crop of barlej^ amounting ^to 

 over 60 busliels an a,cre. That is from the one and a half acres 

 we obtained 95 busheb of grain, 70 of which were sold for seed. 

 The balance I again plaiited. The soil varies from clay loam to 

 gravelly loam. It was worked as deep as we could w^ork it, and 

 had about fifteen loads leached ashes, about ten loads refuse hair 

 from the tannery, with about fifteen loads of stable manure. The 

 land was seeded with clover and timothy, which cut tliis season 

 fully three tons to the acre, while the rowen upon it at the pre- 

 sent time ^Yould cut a handsome crop. Upon the other portions j 

 of my farm, with the same deep tillage, my crops of corn, pota- 

 toes, carrots, Sec. ^ have been fuUy equal. 



• 



'^ A word or two more about subsoiling. Facts have fully demon- 



sfrated that if the subsoil can be brought in contact with the atmos- 

 phere, certain chemical clianges take place which render it capa- 

 ble of sustaining plants, and the subsoil plow, while it adniits the 

 atmosphere to percolate the subsoil, d(^es so witlKnit necessarily 

 mixing the sub with the surface soil jaud that most subsoils, after 

 frequent plowings, are rendered fully equal in quality to the su- 

 ]iorincumbent soil. Sometimes surface soils are found to be too 

 thin to contain sufficient i)al)uluni for j)lants, and therr fore they 

 must be deepened; but if this be done by turning up immediately 

 a considerable portion of the subsoil, the mass will not have the 

 tAg. Tr. '53.] AA 



