No. 112.] 413 



solution 'with whev in the curd, and will not press out, and "will 

 cause a rapid fermentation in the cheese when exposed to sum- 

 mer heat, unless salt enough is added to suppress it ; the whey 

 will then be held in the cheese, and will sour and prevent the 

 curd from welding, and prove to be a bad cheese for any market. 



The committee feel warranted bj their own practical experi- 

 ence, and their observations in examining dairies this season, in 

 urging upon the dairymen of Herkimer county, a studious observ- 

 ance of the following, as cardinal points in successful dairying, 

 viz: Good condition and perfect health of cows at all seasons of 

 the year. A uniform and plentiful supply of nutritious food for 

 them, with perfect quiet; plenty of good water, requiring but 

 little exercise to obtain a frequent supply ; warm and dry stab- 

 ling in winter, with quiet and careful handling ; thorough and 

 quiet milking at particular hours by the same hand ; uniformity 

 of good health in all the flock of cows, that the milk of all may 

 be as near as possible of a sameness, as the strength of coherence 

 in all solids depends upon strict af&nity in their constituency ; a 

 uniform application of all the agents to the whole mass, in heat- 

 ing, cooling, working, salting, &:c., making all the changes from 

 cold to warm and from warm to cold, slow and uniform through 

 every part and particle of the whole^ that the aflinity here spoken 

 of may be preserved through the whole and to the last, and a 

 more perfect solid may be the result of the practice. No rennet 

 should be used except from calves in perfect health, as one un- 

 healthy stomach might cause much trouble to the cheese maker, 

 and avoid a skilful search for its origin. And last yet not least, 

 after all has been well done^no reliance can be placed upon the 

 result of a season's operation without curing rooms, so constructed 

 as to adapt the temperature to the constitution of tlie cheese, and 

 protect them from the influences of the sudden and extreme 

 changes that our climate is subject to. 



Nature has established the fact that no county in the State has 

 facilities for making better milk than Herkimer ; but it is to be, 

 feared that the old traditionary liabit, (too much adhered to,) ofj 

 letting cheese cure themselves in some place least needed for 



