IdO Wisconsin State Horticultural Society. 



times. After the first moult the color is dark green with 

 black spots, till the last moult, when the light green again 

 appears. Soon after this the larva goes under some leaf 

 and forms a cocoon of firmly woven silk in which it soon 

 pupates. In a few days the flies again appear and soon we 

 have the second brood of larva. These remain as pupa 

 through the winter. 



I need not say that the presence of these insects in any 

 currant vinyard means death to the currants unless prompt 

 measures are taken to eradicate the slugs. 



White hellebore is a safe and effective remedy. While it 

 is a vegetable poison, it is in no way so severe a poison as 

 the arsenites, though it destroys quickly the voracious 

 slugs. It has been used for many years in both Europe and 

 America, and I have never heard of any harm from its use. 

 It can be applied in the same way as directed for pyre- 

 thrum, and I have found it more satisfactory than Buhack 

 in this warfare. This hellebore may be used for all slugs 

 where the arsenites or kerosene and soap mixture are not 

 permissible. On shade trees I prefer the arsenites; on rose 

 busffes, the kerosene; on raspberry vines, white hellebore. 



The Wheat-bulb Worm — This is an old insect, which was 

 noticed in Michigan more than forty years ago. Dr. Fitch 

 described it in part in 1856, and Dr. Riley gave an account 

 of it in 1869, and referred to injuries to wheat about St. 

 Louis. Ten years later, 1879, Prof. Lentner refers to this in- 

 sect as a serious enemy to the wheat in New York. 



More recently still. Prof. Forbes, the very able state ento- 

 mologist, of Illinois, has given a very full and complete de- 

 scription and life history of this pest. During the past sea- 

 son I have discovered one new peculiarity not mentioned, I 

 think, elsewhere, that this insect also attacks the oat crop. 



In its results the work of this insect is not unlike that of 

 the Hessian fly, and doubtless has often been mistaken for 

 Hessian fly ravages. The wheat-bulb worm, Meromyza 

 Americana, works as does the Hessian fly; flrst, in autumn 

 in the young plant, and again the following summer in 

 the nearly mature stock. The maggot or larva is slimmer 

 than that of the Hessian fly, and has the two black longi- 



