QUAHTKKLV CHKONICLE. 35 



this solutiou, after having been heated to 140° C, is exa- 

 mined microscopically, the minute germs which it always 

 contains are seen to be still browner than the fluid, and they 

 never germinate. The solution, consequently, in this con- 

 dition is fitted for further experiment with the spores of 

 various fungi. When these have been introduced the tubes 

 should be placed in a bath at from 30° to 40° C, which should 

 be maintained as nearly as possible uniform. In three or four 

 days yeast will be abundantly formed. The spores of Peni- 

 ciUium glaucum appear to afford the most certain and copious 

 results, whilst from those of Miicor, Aspergillus, Arthro- 

 botrys, VerticilUum, and Acremonium, it is more difficult to 

 produce yeast in pure sugar water, especially when the 

 spores are at all old. But the addition of a little fruit-juice 

 at once promotes its production. 



The results at a lower temperature arc widely different. 

 Even at the temperature of 25° C. an extraordinary quantity 

 of thick germ-filaments are produced, Avhich, as it were, ab- 

 sorb the entire plasma for their own nutrition, and conse- 

 quently few or no granules are afforded. 



In similar manner it Avould seem that the yeast-cells may 

 be produced from the Yibriones of a putrescent fluid in the 

 course of forty-eight hours. In this experiment care must be 

 taken that too great a cjuantity of the Vibrio-germs should 

 not be introduced into the sugar solution. Vice versa, on 

 the addition of yeast-cells to a putrescent animal fluid, the 

 production of Vibrio-germs from them may be witnessed. 



In the few observations appended to this valuable commu- 

 nication by Madame Liiders Professor Hensen gives his 

 testimony as to the patience, perseverance, and care with 

 which the experunents were performed, many of which were 

 repeated by himself with similar results. He remarks also 

 upon the fact, deducible from all recorded observations on 

 the subject, that the germination of fungi, the formation of 

 yeast-cells, and of Vibrios, never proceed at one and the same 

 time and spot, but are always successive — one form disappear- 

 ing as the other comes ujjon the stage. In illustration of this 

 general law he cites a valuable paper by Oehl and Cantoni,* 

 who, in their researches with an extract of beans, invariably 

 observed, after the disappearance of the Vibrio -fauna, the en- 

 trance of a flora, eventually passing into the development of 

 fungi. 



6. A Contribution toivards the Knoivledge of the ^' SaccuU 

 of MiescherJ' By Professor W. Manz. — Miescher's Sacculi 



* ' Aunall uuiversali,' vol. cxcvi, p. 352, '■ Pdcclicrcbe sullo sviluppo degli 

 Infusori." 



