10 TRANSACTIONS OF THE [OCT. 13, 



and deepen the connecting ridges to produce the vertical cylin- 

 drical masses. But in order that this could have occurred, it 

 will be necessary to suppose that the island has been elevated, 

 and this, as I hope to sliow, I believe has been the case. 



Outliers. 



In many places near Andros, as at Mastic Point and Golden 

 Cay, there are cays separated from the island by water but a few 

 feet in depth, and in some places these cays make a prolonga- 

 tion of a point with which I believe they were formerly con- 

 nected, and have been cut off, not by subsidence, but by ero- 

 sion. There are other cays, as those near Nassau, that, as I 

 hope to be able to show, owe their origin to another source. 



Caves. 



One of " the sights " at Nassau are '' The Caves," about seven 

 miles west of the city. One of these is an irregular opening in 

 the north side of a hill that faces the sea. The floor is con- 

 siderably above high-water mark. In the back of the first 

 chamber is a small opening through which can be seen a deeper 

 chamber, in the bottom of which is water. This chamber is 

 said to connect with the cave on the opposite side of the same 

 hill. This second cave is a long chamber about fifteen or twenty 

 feet in height, and the roof contains holes through which the 

 roots of trees pass and fasten into the floor below. The side 

 wall of the cave for a distance ef about four feet from the 

 ground projected about six inches beyond the upper part of the 

 wall, thus forming a shelf that was quite level and ran the en- 

 tire length of the chamber, a distance of perhaps one hundred 

 feet. I could only explain the formation of this shelf by sup- 

 posing that it represented the contact between two deposits, and 

 that the upper had yielded more rapidly than the lower to ero- 

 sion. 



On Andros I saw a number of caves near the northern part of 

 the island. All were in the sides of the elevated portions. The 

 openings in some, as one near Nicols Town, were small, barely 

 as large as an ordinary door. Others were simply excavations 

 in the side of the hills. 



In some places, as near Nicols Town and Mastic Point, small 

 caves were found, twenty to forty feet above high-water mark;, 

 and the low, vertical cliffs in which they were, indicated the ex- 

 istence of an old shore line, for the rocks were undermined in 

 the same manner as those we now see on the present shore. 



In some of these caves Indian relics have been found, and also 

 human bones, and I obtained a portion of a human humerus 

 from one on Andros. 



