52 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences^ Arts, and Letters. 



be total, nor can any two terms be identical, as each higher 

 species will embrace all the attributes of the lower, differing 

 only bj the addition of others. This is simply the physical 

 expression of the logical truth that whatever can be predicated 

 of the genus can be predicated of every individual contained 

 under it. As the individual is only the expansion of the 

 genus, so higher physical types must also be similar expan- 

 sions of lower. 



Here, then, is evolution, or development : primarily an evo- 

 lution of the generic into the individual, the continued differ- 

 tiation of a generic idea through successive individualizations, 

 each adding lo the previous group of attributes, thus render- 

 ing the idea increasingly complex; and, secondly, an apparent 

 physical evolution or development, interpreting this logical 

 process by a series of physical forms so related as to reveal 

 the relation existing between the thoughts thus interpreted. 

 In the physical representation of the ideas so related, there 

 must be an apparent physical evolution — that is, the process 

 of evolution logically must, like the ideas thus evolved, have 

 a physical expression, and the successive steps in this logical 

 evolution must be revealed by material forms bearing an 

 analogous relation, and thereby expressing the logical process. 

 Matter is nothing, so far as we are now concerned, but the 

 condition necessary to the objective expression of thought. 

 Every phase of matter is simply an objective formulation of a 

 corresponding phase of thought. Every addition to form im- 

 plies an antecedent increase of thought, as there can be no 

 formal expression until there is something to be expressed. 

 There can, then, be no such thing as mere material evolution, 

 for whatever is material is only symbolical. 



Matter being thus wholly inert, the origin of the impulse 

 towards greater complexity must be sought for outside of that 

 which undergoes the change. The movement by which one 

 species becomes a higher is not an elaboration, an extension or 

 a differentiation of existing attributes, but involves the posi- 



