Trajts. N. Y. Ac. Scz. 12 Oct. 23, 



occur, the most common one being Eschara digitata, Mort, A few 

 foraminifera of quite large size have been found at this horizon in 

 Monmouth County. The spines of echinoderms are abundant, and 

 rarely a well preserved test is found. The coral, Montivaltia Atlantica, 

 Mort., occurs (scarce). Quantities q{ Polorthus tibialis, Mort., the tubes 

 varying greatly in size, and some other small lamellibranchs occur ; 

 there are also a few gasteropods. The coiled articulate, Spirulcsa 

 rotula, Mort., is abundant. 



The limesand layer becomes somewhat mixed with quartz sand in 

 its upper portion, and finally changes into the Yellow Sand Bed, which 

 is forty or fifty feet thick in Monmouth County, but only ten to twenty 

 feet thick in the western part of the State. This stratum is barren of 

 fossils. 



The Upper Marl Bed. 



This rests on the Yellow Sand. As has already been stated, its out- 

 crop is not so extensive as those of the other two beds ; for further 

 southwest than Clementon, Camden County, it has not been noticed. 

 Its greatest development is in eastern Monmouth County, in the vicmity 

 of Farmingdale, Squankum, Shark River and Deal Beach. Here it is 

 represented by : 



(i). Seventeen feet of green marl, mainly composed of glauconite 

 (greensand), with numerous fossils. Among these may be noted the 

 lamellibranchs, Cyprina Morrisii, Con., Crassatella Delawarensis, 

 Gabb, and a small unnamed Gryphcea ; two or three species of gas- 

 teropods, which are not abundant ; the coral, Trochosimilia conoides, 

 Gabb and Horn ; the echinoderm, Nucleolites crucifer, Mort., and num- 

 erous teeth of sharks and rays of several species. 



(2), About eight feet of the " ash marl," so-called from the ashy ap- 

 pearance of the heaps. This contains no greensand, but is composed 

 of fine quartz sand, mixed with a greenish white clay ; it is nearly bar- 

 ren of fossils. 



(3), About eleven feet of blue marl, which tops this series of marl 

 beds. The upper two to four feet of this layer is a hard, rock-like, light 

 blue substance, which is full of fossils and has been referred to the 

 Eocene. This stony marl is well exposed at Shark River, Deal Beach, 

 and along the Manasquan River, near Squankum, but is unknown in the 

 western continuation of the bed. Among its fossils are the large coiled 

 cephalopods. Nautilus Dekayi, Mort., and the rarer Aturia 

 Va7iuxe7iii, Conrad ; the conchifer, Venericardia perantiqua. Con., 

 which is the most common fossil occurring in it, and several other 

 bivalves and gasteropods of a large size, abundant and of several 

 species. 



From the eastern Monmouth County localities, above mentioned, to 



