DAIRYING IN EUROPE AND AMERICA. 81 



the farm, the various duties being subdivided among the pupils 

 in such a manner that each may be able to acquire the neces- 

 sary instruction and practice in them all. Each class receives 

 daily during the summer two hours', and during the winter 

 three hours' theoretical instruction in the following subjects : — 

 First year — Writing, mathematical drawing, arithmetic and 

 geometry, botan}^, natural history, chemistry, and natural 

 science. Second year — Danish composition, map-drawing, 

 book-keeping, and instruction on soils ; botany, science of 

 farming, and the breeding and management of live stock and 

 their structure. 



The remainder of the half-dav is devoted to theoretical in- 

 struction, and is utilised according to the time of year as 

 under: — (1) Self-employment in readiiig or writing, given out 

 by the teacher ; (2) walks about the farm and field, to afford 

 the teacher opportunities of demonstrating from nature what 

 had been taught in-doors ; (3) work in the garden under 

 qualified supervision ; (4) instruction in the carpenter's shop 

 and the smithy bearing on farm work, under the direction of 

 competent men ; (5) practice in judging farm animals, and in 

 applying the ordinary remedies at the command of farmers to 

 the most common diseases of animals. 



Theoretical instruction ceases during harvest, in which all 

 pupils take part, and during the 10 to 14 days' holiday at 

 Christmas. Examinations are held during the latter half of 

 April, and the results are published in the newspapers.' The 

 school receives eighteen pupils, nine being admittted every 

 1st May. Doctors' certificates may be required, to show that 

 each candidate is healthy, and has the strength necessary to 

 carry out at least most of the duties necessary on a farm. Each 

 candidate must produce a certificate from his parish and school, 

 to show that he possesses fair abilities, and is of good morals, on 

 which latter point satisfactory evidence of his habits after his 

 leaving school must also be produced. Candidates must apply 

 for admission in their own handwriting. Application for 

 admission, with certificates required, are to be sent in before 

 the end of November. Should less than nine applications be 

 received from j^easants' sons, pupils from other classes may be 

 admitted. 



The terms include instruction, books, and writing materials, 

 board and lodging, besides medical attendance and medicine in 

 case of illness. Washing is extra, and bedclothes are provided 

 by the pupil. Should any pupil during his course fall a prey 

 to any disease which would prevent his admission under the 

 rules, he is bound to leave the school as soon as he can do so 

 without danger to his health. The fees are returned for the 

 unexpired portion of the half-year. 



VOL. XX. F 



