DAIRYING IN EUROPE AND AMERICA. 103 



institution in the State in which dairying is taught, and that is 

 the college in question. The chief of the department is Pro- 

 fessor Hildgard, who commenced his work in 1875, and who is 

 in charge of the experiment station. He secured a grant from 

 the State in 1878, and then enlarged his corps of assistants. At 

 that time he commenced his course of instruction in dairy hus- 

 bandry. Details of this course are given in the report of the 

 college, and are continued from year to year with such moditi- 

 cfitions as recent progress in dairy practices has rendered neces- 

 sary. It has a lecture-room and laboratory course. There is 

 no dairy herd, but visits are made to dairy farms in the neigh- 

 bourhood, and the work is made as practical as possible. The 

 course of education is provided for partly by general funds of the 

 university and partly by grants. The general grant is £1500, 

 but in the last session the Legislature arranged to provide a 

 permanent income in lieu of grants. This is estimated for the 

 coming year at from £15,000 to £17,000, but the agricultural 

 department of the university will only receive about £8400. 



Illinois. — Professor Morrow, of the University of Illinois at 

 Champaign, states that dairy farming forms a portion of the in- 

 struction at the university. A dairy house was provided by the 

 Legislature at considerable cost, but no grant has been made for 

 an experiment station. During last winter many farmers' insti- 

 tutes were held, and during the present winter sixteen institutes 

 are to be held. County institvites are also being promoted, but so 

 far no grants have been made in their aid. The students pay 

 a fee of 50s. per term in the college, in which there are two 

 courses, one of four years and one of one year. The course includes 

 the leading scientific subjects connected with agriculture. 



Texas. — By Professor G. W. Curtis, of the State Agricul- 

 tural College, we are informed that dairying is taught in that 

 institute, as well as in the college of Iowa. The farm attached 

 to the college of Texas has 2416 acres, mostly pasture and wood 

 land. There are no farmers' institutes held in the State, but 

 the " Farmers' Alliance " and the " Range" are both very active, 

 and through them farmers hold meetings of great value. Pro- 

 fessor Curtis says, that "although American text-books are used 

 for instruction, they count most on practical knowledge obtained 

 by the students doing the entire work in connection with the 

 creamery, centifrugal separator, &c., and all possible instruction 

 is given in this way." The grants to the State College from 

 1886 amount to £8250. The value of land and buildings is 

 £52,000, and the permanent endowment is equal to £42,000, and 

 this brings in interest amounting to nearly £3000. 



Minnesota. — The Experimental Station and College of 

 Agriculture of this State is situated at St Anthony Park, Ramsey 

 County, There have been no special appropriations made for 



