DAIRYING IN EUROPE AND AMERICA. 99 



Although so much is done by New York State, we learn from 

 one of the most prominent men connected with it, and who is 

 also a representative American, that it is very much behind, 

 owing to the opposition of the late secretary of the State Agricul- 

 tural Society, but that under the lead of the new secretary, Mr 

 Woodward, it has entered on a new era of agricultural existence. 

 A great deal of what has been done in dairy work is owing to 

 Colonel F. D. Curtis, under whose advice the dairy conferences 

 and meetings which have been held were undertaken. These 

 conferences are being increased during the present winter with 

 a large grant from the State. We have received several speci- 

 mens of the farmers' institute circulars and programmes from 

 various leading American dairy experts. Among them we find 

 such subjects as the following set down for discussion : — 



At Syracuse, 20th and 21st December — " Adulteration of 

 Dairy Products ; can we prohibit it ?" by the Hon. J. K. Brown, 

 New York Dairy Commissioner. To be followed by an " address 

 of welcome" by the Chancellor of the University, and responded 

 to by Colonel James Wood. " Nitrogen, Potash, and Phosphoric 

 Acid — How to procure them, and how to sell them," by Professor 

 Roberts of Cornell University. " Pig Feeding," by Colonel F. D. 

 Curtis. " Ayrshire Cattle," by the President of the Ayrshire 

 Association. " Saving our Fertility and Agricultural Study," by 

 Major Alvord, Professor of the Massachusetts College. " Hol- 

 stein Cattle," by the President of the Herd-Book. 



At Sydney, 12th and 13th January, the papers were upon 

 " Soiling," Feeding for a purpose," " Butter — gilt edged, gold 

 quality," " Pig Feeding for Fat and Lean," " Cheese from Field 

 through Factory to Market." 



The new director of the State experiment station, Dr Peter 

 Collier, who appears to have succeeded Dr Sturtevant, concluded 

 with a paper upon " Our Experiment Station." We notice that 

 several of these papers are read a second and third time at 

 different meetings, and that the audiences are treated to singing 

 and music between them. It is the custom to provide a ques- 

 tion box, into which listeners may drop any questions they 

 would like to have answered; this box is opened at the begin- 

 ning of each session, i.e., each day's proceedings. Reduced rates 

 are provided by the railways and by the hotelkeepers for the benefit 

 of farmers. In this line of education the Americans beat us out 

 and out, and a more astonishing compilation of programmes and 

 variety of subjects it would be almost impossible to produce. 



Wisconsin. — To the State Dairy Teachers and Experiment 

 Station we owe the very best reports upon dairy instruction 

 that have appeared from the American press, excepting always 

 the report of the New York Station. Professor Henry, director 

 of the State College at Madison, says that he has a dairy-house 

 and a dairyman, and that the students are expected to become 



