ANTHRAX AND ANTHRACOID DISEASES. 155 



body on the side, and finally becomes restive, stamps with the 

 feet, looks to the sides and flanks, and shows other signs of 

 colic. 



If the disease comes on whilst the animal is at work, added 

 to the above symptoms there is extreme lassitude, great weak- 

 ness of the lumbar muscles and posterior extremities, with stag- 

 gering gait. The skin has lost its suppleness, is hot, and slightly 

 crepitates on the back, over the kidneys, and sides ; the coat 

 is rough and bristly in some parts ; and there are partial or 

 general tremblings of the muscles, and flow of saliva from the 

 mouth. There are sweats, alternating from hot to cold. At the 

 base of the ears and behind the elbows, the veins become 

 augmented in volume. Above all, the lymphatic ganglia of the 

 groin are swollen ; and if the horse be entire, the testicles move 

 rapidly up and down. Great excitement now sets in, the 

 animal is irritable and timorous, and afterwards becomes uncon- 

 scious of all around. The conjunctiva; are yellow or reddish- 

 yellow ; and sometimes petechial spots are present on the visible 

 mucous membranes. 



The pulse is small and thready ; the beatings of the heart 

 are, however, strong, and are accompanied by a metallic tinkle. 

 The respiration is often irregular, and often associated with 

 roaring. 



These symptoms may insensibly disappear, or may be suc- 

 ceeded by a critical eruption. At other times, even after the 

 animal has seemed to rally, aggravation of the symptoms takes 

 place. The animal grinds its teeth, has violent colic, rolls 

 about, carrying its head to its flanks ; the muscles of the head 

 and neck are agitated by convulsive movements ; the eyes are 

 haggard and wandering ; the mucous membrane injected, and 

 of a brown or red tinge ; the heart beats with extreme violence, 

 very irregularly, and accompanied by a strong metallic sound ; 

 the pulse is trembling or double, and very small ; the respira- 

 tions tumultuous and agitated ; the nostrils dilated, and clots 

 of yellow serosity and blood escape by the nose ; the mouth 

 is filled with a mucous foam ; the tongue is tumefied, and of a 

 deep bluish-red colour ; tears, sometimes tinged with blood, 

 flow from the sunken and haggard eyes. The belly is sensitive 

 when pressed upon, tympanitic, and the excremental matters 

 are often liquid and mixed with blood clots ; the rectum is often 

 everted, appearing as a tumour, folded and livid ; the tem- 

 perature of the skin is lowered ; the countenance is particularly 

 anxious, the face shrunken. The muscular force now becomes 

 exhausted ; the animal falls to the ground ; convulsions come 

 on, more particularly of the neck and extremities ; and finally 

 it succumbs, after a few moments of calmness, which, suc- 

 ceeding a paroxysm, always precedes death. The disease may 



