ANTHRAX AND ANTHRACOID DISEASES. 159 



egg, constituting a softened mass filled with a sero-albuminous 

 liquid of a brown or yellow colour, corrosive and acrid, destroy- 

 ing the tissue which surrounds it, and causing the formation of 

 ulcers. 



These phlyctense ordinarily form some hours before death ; they 

 are simple or multiple, of a yellow-grey colour, resting on the 

 surface of the mucous membrane ; and their formation coincides 

 with tumefaction of the surrounding tissues. The tongue then 

 swells and hangs out of the mouth, becomes of a bluish or mul- 

 berry colour, and when the vesicles on its surface are broken by 

 its movements, ulcers form with a red centre and a black circum- 

 ference, discharging ichorous liquid mixed with saliva and blood. 

 The swelling may extend to the base of the tongue, to the 

 parotid region, and the animal may die of suffocation. 



In animals which have white skins, or in which the eruption 

 takes place in parts of the body void of hair or wool, red, brown, 

 violet, or mulberry spots of bloody effusion are seen. These 

 spots are independent of the tumours and extravasations, and 

 sometimes exist on the surface of the tumours. They are most 

 commonly seen in the pig and sheep. 



Enchymoses are seen on the visible mucous membranes. 

 When the fever progresses slowly these spots unite by con- 

 fluence, and surround, notably in the pig and sheep, the whole 

 body. Some of them become crepitous and emphysematous ; 

 others take the form of tumours, passing rapidly to the state of 

 gfingrene. In addition to these eruptions; there is often a sore- 

 ness and swelling of the throat, infiltration of the upper end of 

 the trachea, and a discharge of a lymph-like material from the 

 nostrils. 



Charbonous tumours are generally of a black-brown colour. 

 The phlyctenae are filled with a brown liquid, which is very 

 irritating ; it sweats on the surface as drops of cold serosity. 

 The tumours have little tendency to suppuration, and speedily 

 become gangrenous. If these symptoms are added to those 

 furnished by the mucous membranes, no difficulty need be 

 felt in diagnosing charbonous tumours, phlegmonous and 

 gangrenous. 



Terrninations. — When the tumours resist mortification, they 

 terminate by delitescence, by suppuration, and by metastasis. 



1. Delitescence. — The morbid products are effused, and con- 

 stitute tumours, which are reabsorbed and expelled by the 

 excretory organs. Examples of this kind of termination have 

 been observed by veterinarians in Africa. 



2. Suppuration. — When the tumours progress in a slow 

 manner, indurating gradually, suppuration may be brought 

 about by therapeutic and surgical means. Resolution is slowly 

 induced, and it is not without pain that the necessary suppura- 



