AND METEOROLOGY OF THE YEAR RELATIVE THERETO. 323 



land, temperature was nearly a degree under the average, but 

 everywhere else above it ; the greatest excess, fully 2°"0, being in 

 the middle latitudes of Scotland, from Ardnamurchan to Montrose 

 in the north, to the Mull of Kintyre and Berwick on the south. 

 This higher temperature was associated with a deficiency of 

 easterly, and an excess of southerly, winds : and a distribution 

 of atmosjjheric pressure, diminishing much more rapidly than 

 usual, from south-east to north-west. 



The rainfall was 2'97 inches, which is but slightly above the 

 July average. It was above the average from Wick round by 

 the north and west coasts as far as Islay, and in South Ayr- 

 shire and the counties of Wigtown, Kirkcudbright, and Dum- 

 fries, the greatest excess above the average being 54 per cent, 

 at Glenquoich and Wick, 40 at Cape Wrath, Kyleakin, and the 

 Rhinns of Islay. In other parts of the country the rainfall 

 was under the average, the greatest defect being 73 per cent, 

 at the Mall of Kintyre, 54 at Campbeltown, 65 at Montrose, 

 and upwards of 40 at Dundee, Fettercairn, Braemar, Logie 

 Coldstone, Gordon Castle, and Lairg. 



August. — The mean temperature was 56°'4, or 0°'4 less than 

 the average, the days being 0°'8 warmer and the nights 1°*6 colder 

 than usual. Thus the type of weather of the previous month, 

 when the days were relatively much warmer than the nights, 

 still held good, a point of no small moment to agriculture at 

 this season of the year. At North Unst, temperature was 2°"6 

 and at stations on the Sol way Firth 1°5 below the average ; 

 but in the intermediate region higher temperatures ruled, and 

 from Skye to Montrose on the north, to Islay and Berwick on 

 the south, temperature varied from about the average to 0°"6 

 above it. It deserves to be particularly noted that this is now 

 the fourth month, when higher temperatures prevailed over 

 this part of Scotland than to the north and south of it, at this 

 critical time of the year. 



The rainfall was 2 "7 2 inches, or 0'70 inch under the aver- 

 age. Except in a few widely-scattered districts in the counties 

 of Sutherland, Ross, Inverness, Forfar, Lanark, and Edinburgh, 

 the rainfall was everywhere under the average. The greatest 

 excess above the mean was 31 per cent, at Scourie, and the 

 greatest deficiency, about 60 per cent, or upwards, in the ex- 

 treme south of Argyll and of Ayr, and in the counties of 

 Wigtown, East Lothian, and towards the head of the Moray 

 Firth. 



September. — The mean temperature was 51° 5, or 1°"5 under 

 the average, the deficiency being nearly equally distributed be- 

 tween the days and the nights. Everywhere the temperature 

 was under the average, the defect being greatest in the extreme 

 south, from Berwick to Wigtown, where it fully exceeded 2°"0. 



