CEKTIFICATES IN FOEESTRY. 2o 



III.— CHEMISTRY. 



Candidates are required to have an elementary knowledge of Chemistry, 

 such as to enable them to classify the most commonly occurring elements 

 and their most familiar compounds, and to describe their chief characters. 



They will be examined more particularly on the following subjects : — 



Atmosphere. — Its composition and physical properties, — the causes of 

 changes in its temperature and pressure, and the measurement of these 

 changes by means of the thermometer and barometer. The formation of 

 rain and dew. Gases injurious to vegetation. 



JFater.— The effects of heatjipon it ; its movements, its solvent properties, 

 the methods of regulating the supply of water by drainage and irrigation. 

 The characteristics of rain water, spring water, and surface water. _ The 

 relations of water to the growth and health of plants, and to the climatic 

 conditions of a district. 



Soil. — The description and classification of soils and their suitability to 

 the growth of different descriptions of timber trees. The composition of 

 soils," with special reference to the constituents on which their fertility 

 depends, or which are the cause of their sterility. The changes produced 

 in the composition of soils by various physical operations, such as drainage, 

 irrigation, mulching, removal of leaves, &c., and by liming, salting, and 

 manuring. 



Vegetation. — The influence of temperature, rainfall, altitude, aspect, and 

 shelter, upon the growth of trees. The conditions favourable to" germination. 

 The effects of light, heat, and ventilation upon the growth of trees. 



Forest Products. — The preparation and chemical characters of charcoal, 

 potashes, tar, and turpentine. 



Preservation of Timber. — Creosoting, kyanising, &c. 



Books recommended. — "First Principles of Agriculture," Tanner (Mac- 

 raillan & Co.) ; "Physics Primer," Balfour Stewart; "Inorganic Chemistry," 

 by George Wilson (Chambers), 



IV.— LAND AND TIMBER MEASURING AND SURVEYING; 

 MECHANICS AND CONSTRUCTION as applied to Fencing, 

 Bridging, and Road-Making : IMPLEMENTS OF FORESTRY. 

 1. The Use of the Level and Measuring Chain. Measuring and mapping 

 surface areas, 2. The measurement of solid bodies — as timber, stacked bark, 

 faggots, &c., earthwork. .3. The different, modes of fencing and enclosing 

 plantations ; their relative advantages, durability, cost of construction, and 

 repairs. 4. The setting out and formation of roads for temporary or perma- 

 nent use. 5. The construction of bridges over streams and gullies ; of gates 

 or other entrances. Strachan's "Agricultural Tables," Oliver & Boyd, 

 Edinburgh, price 2s. 6d.; or Horton's Tables. 



v.— BOOK-KEEPING AND ACCOUNTS. 



1. Questions in Practice and Proportion. 2. Book-keeping— describe 

 books to be kept ; give examples. Taking of stock. 



EXAMINATION PAPERS, 1887. 



SCIENCE OF FORESTRY AND PRACTICAL MANAGEMENT 



OF WOODS. 



1. What is the best plan of managing hedges ? Name the plants selected, 

 and give particulars of height, shape, combination, and approximate cost of 

 planting and maintenance. 



