240 ANNUAL REPORT OF NEW- YORK 



" I am clearly of opinion that you can increase the proportion 

 of butter in milk more than that of casein, or other solid parts. 

 From several, who have adopted my treatment, I learn that on 

 substituting rape cake for beans they perceive an increased rich- 

 ness in their milk. Mr, T. Garnett, of Clitheroe, who has used * 

 bean meal largely as an auxiliary food for milch cows during 

 the winter season, tells me that when rape cake is substituted, his 

 dairy-maid, without being informed, perceives the change from 

 the increased richness of the milk. Mr. Garnett has also used 

 linseed cake in like quantity, still his dairy people prefer rape cake. 

 Mr. Whelon of Lancaster, who keeps two milch cows for his own 

 use, to which he gave bean meal and bran as auxiliaries, has recent- 

 ly substituted rape cake for bean meal ; he informs me that in a week 

 he perceived a change in the richness of the milk, with an increase 

 of butter. 



" The vegetable oils are of two distinct classes : the drying or 

 5e^/z??g represented by linseed, the wnc^wow5 represented by rape 

 oil. They consist of two proximate elements, margerine and 

 olein; in all probability they will vary in their proportion of 

 these, but in what degree I have not been able to ascertain. 

 Though the Agricultural Chemists make no distinction as far as I 

 am aware, between these two classes of oils, the practitioners in 

 medicine use them for distinct purposes. Cod liver oil has long 

 been used for pulmonary complaints; latterly, olive, almond and 

 rape oils are being employed as substitutes. These are all of 

 the unctuous class of oils. Mr. Rhind, the intelligent medical 

 practitioner of this village, called my attention to some experi- 

 ments by Dr. Leared, published in the " Medical Times," July 

 21st, 1855, with olein alone, freed from margerine, which showed 

 marked sujDcriority in the effect; and I now learn from Mr. Rhind 

 that he is at present using with success the pure olein, prepared 

 by Messrs. Price & Co. from cocoanut oil, one of the unctuous 

 class; that linseed and others of the drying oils are used in medi- 

 cines for a very different purpose, it seems unnecessary to state. 



" Tlie olein of oil is known to be more easy of consumption and 

 more available for respiration than margerine — a property to 

 which its use in medicine may be attributable. (See Lehman's 

 Physiological Chemistry.) If we examine the animal fats, tal- 

 low suet, and other fats, they are almost wholly of the solid class, 



