31j2 annual report of new-york 



The whole population of the State is 35466,212; number of 

 farmers, 321,930; owners of land, 361,013- 



We give the position in which the several counties stand in 

 relation to the leading crops and agricultural productions of the 

 State. The season of 1854 was one of the most unfavorable 

 known, for most of the crops. The severe drought of that year 

 affected the crops so as to cause a diminution of from 30 to 50 

 per cent in most of them, while the crop of wheat was very seri- 

 ously diminished by the ravages of the wheat midge, (Cecidamyia 

 tritici;) in many sections not a half a crop was gathered, and in 

 not a few instances the crops were not harvested. The average of 

 the crops, as appears from the census, does not give a fair esti- 

 mate of the crops of the State had the season been an ordinary 

 one; and it is safe to say that the crops of the State per acre 

 would have shown a considerably larger yield than at any for- 

 mer period since the censuses have been taken, had not these 

 casualties existed. The evidence of the diminution of the crops 

 by drought and insects, as furnished by the returns, shows this, and 

 the assurances we have from the most intelligent farmers in the 

 State, fully confirm it. 



In giving the counties which show the largest yield, we begin 

 with winter wheat, of v/hich Livingston county gives 1,094,779 

 bushels; (Monroe, 810,363; Genesee, 760,461; Niagara, 589,911; 

 Ontario, 528,488.) Spring wheat, Jefferson, 428,672^; (St. 

 Lawrence, 295,464.) Oats, Onondaga, 1,015,227^; (and several 

 others over half a million.) Rye, Columbia, 445,136. Barley, 

 Jefferson, 392,684. Buckwheat, Schoharie, 169,078. Corn, On- 

 ondaga, 907,453; (Monroe, 805,811; Wayne, 756,677 J; Oneida, 

 732,294|.) Potatoes, Washington, 767,285. Peas, St.Lawrence, 

 69,016. Beans, Orleans, 40,185|. Hay, St. Lawrence, 139,400 

 tons. Grass seed, Jefferson, 13,601J. Turnips, Suffolk, 104,183^. 

 Flax, Montgomery, 1,016,929 lbs. Flax seed, Washington, 23,003. 

 Hops, Otsego, 3,122,258J lbs. Tobacco, Onondaga, 554,987 lbs. 

 Apples, Oneida, 634,262 bushels. Market gardens. Queens, 

 $337,503. Maple sugar, St. Lawrence, 513,913 lbs. Molasses, 

 Lewis, 4,698i gals. Wine, Orange, 2,173 gals. Honey, Oneida, 

 138,475 lbs. Neat cattle, St. Lawrence, 96,408. Cows, St. Law-^ 

 rence, 52,161. Butter, same, 4,268,809 lbs. Cheese, Herkimer, 

 9,068,519 lbs. Milk, Orange, 4,553,514 gals. Horses, St. Law- 



