102 TRANSACTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS 



the wind, and alighted on the Cincinnawa Mound, northeast of Dubuque, 

 in Wisconsin ; but how long they stayed there, I could not tell. I had 

 heard that they never crossed the Mississippi, and I was told by Dr. 

 Walsh, one time, that they never could cross, so that I thought this was a 

 very peculiar instance. 



As to the canker worms, they are very dark in color, nearly black ; 

 and in the woods, not three-quarters of a mile away from me, the elm 

 trees were as badly defoliated by them as the apple trees. 



A Member — Do you consider the two bot flies that infest horses as 

 very troublesome ? 



Mr. Riley — There is only one bot fly that attacks horses, and it is 

 injurious. 



The Same Member — In what respect does it injure the horse ? 



Mr. Riley — By sometimes penetrating the coat of the stomach, and 

 by the large amount of nutrition they use when in large numbers. 



The Same Member — How does it attack the horse ? You say there 

 is only one. 



Mr. Riley — There is only one. It deposits its eggs on the hair of 

 the legs, and about the flanks, where the horse can lick them off with his 

 tongue. 



The Same Member — There are some that attack the horse under the 

 chin. If the horse hears the sound of this bot within ten feet of him, he 

 becomes uneasy, but when that one comes that attacks the flank, it does 

 not appear to disturb him at all. • 



Mr. Wier — To destroy canker worm, I would suggest the propriety 

 of trying a solution of arsenic, or Paris green, thrown over the foliage 

 with a syringe. 



Mr. Galusha — I made quite a little journey this summer, to see an 

 orchard which was infested with canker worms, with a view of ascertain- 

 ing by experiment whether it could not be killed with a solution of Paris 

 green. When I arrived there, I saw a large orchard containing hundreds 

 of trees, and only a few trees that had a visible leaf on them. In passing 

 under these trees, I was glad to get away, for I could not rid myself, for a 

 long time, of the worms on my clothes. I gave it up as a bad job, and 

 turned my back upon the orchard. The orchardist informed me the 

 worms had been increasing on him year after year, and he was going to 

 dig up his orchard. 



Mr. Bourland — The canker worm in the East lias been nearl}' 

 destroyed by the introduction of the English sparrow. 



