TRANSACTIONS OF WARSAW HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, 22V 



At the January meeting, pieces of wood taken from a well of Mr. 

 Kinkel, just dug, at a depth of forty-two feet, were exhibited ; although 

 not strictly a horticultural subject, yet one of interest, as showing the 

 ilrift formation. The following statement, from Dr. Hollowbush, was 

 made on the pieces of wood : " That they belong to the northern drift 

 period, anterior to any definite ])eriod in the history of geology, having 

 evidently been the work of currents of water and ice, subsequent to the 

 primitive or Silurian age. Our vast prairies are accounted for on the 

 hypothesis that the primitive surface was submerged by oceans and lakes ; 

 that subsequently, from causes unaccounted for, the northern drift min- 

 gled with the sedimentary accumulations, formed the present surface soil, 

 which, mingled with mineral and vegetable matter, accounts for the inex- 

 haustible fertility of the prairies." 



A sample of peach brandy was exhibited by C. Herman, in which 

 the rich, fragrant aroma of the peach was noticable. Three barrels of 

 peaches in the mash made ten gallons of brandy of superior (juality. 



The Society held its regular meeting for March at the office of Dr. 

 J, W. Hollowbush, on the 4th inst. 



The meeting was organized at 11 o'clock — President A. C. Ham- 

 mond in the chair. 



Samples of apples by E. McCune, Esq., were laid on the table, among 

 which were Canada Red, Ben Davis, Yellow Bellflowers, Russets, Pryor's 

 Red, and others. The specimens were unequalled for size, beauty, and 

 their perfect condition, as well as excellent flavor. Also, by President 

 Hammond, Limber Twig, Ben Davis, Winesap, Pryor's Red, and other 

 varieties, among which " Wythe apple," competing with the best of varie- 

 ties in size, appearance, and its keeping qualities. 



Letters from Hon. Fred Watts, Commissioner Agricultural Depart- 

 ment, and J. B. Matthews, Esq., on early records of meteorological obser- 

 vations; proceedings of the Alton Horticultural Society, and correspond- 

 ence from other localities, and seed catalogues were laid on the table. 

 Also wine and cider, by J- F. S])itz, Dr. Hollowbush, Crover, and 

 others. 



The President called for an essay by Thomas Gregg, Esq., late Secre- 

 tary, which was then read before the meeting : 



HORTICULTURI". IN ITS RELATION TO IHK I ARM. 



You have assigned me the duty of writing of " Horticulture in its Relation to the 

 Farm." There are so many points of interest in the subject, and so much that may he 

 said upon it, that I scarcely know where to bc^in. 



Horticulture and Agriculture are closely and inseparably C(jnnectcil. In the dic- 

 tionary sense of the terms, they are so intimately related as to render it difficult to tell 

 where Agriculture ends and Horticulture begins. Webster defines Horticulture to be 

 " the art of cultivating gardens." Of Agriculture, he says, it is " the cultivation of the 

 ground, for the purpose of producing vegetables and fruits, for the u'^e of man and beast ; 

 the art of prejiaring the soil, sowing and planting seeds, dressing the plants, and remov- 

 ing the crops." 



Thus it would seem that they both mean the cultivation of vegetables and fruits ; 

 and that about the only difference between the two is m their relation to the farm and 



