COUNTY OF STIKLIXG. 153 



by Mr Adam Smith ; the next highest is £500, paid for Car- 

 mnirs by Mr James Fleming, and others are from £450 to 

 £180, but many are less. In the parish of Denny the same 

 estate has a rental of £5078, a good proportion of which is 

 for minerals. In Dunipace there is £1948, in Muiravonside 

 £1984, and £146 in Larbert. The estate is carefully managed. 

 The farm buildings generally are good, and the fences are 

 good on the best land, but not so good on clay soils. Farmers 

 are not restricted in cropping, provided they keep the land 

 clean and in good condition. The leases are generally for 

 nineteen years. 



The Earl of Zetland has an estate which is entered in the 

 parliamentary return as extending to 4656 acres, at a rental of 

 £9552, besides what is derived from minerals. It includes a 

 rich tract of land in the parishes of Falkirk, Bothkennar, and 

 Polmont. In Falkirk parish the rental approximates to £6000, 

 but this includes £568, 3s. for a dry dock and ship-building yard 

 at Grangemouth, many rents for houses and business premises, 

 and a considerable number of feu-duties. In the parish of Both- 

 kennar Lord Zetland has two collieries, — one let for £1156, 15s., 

 the other for £233, 5s. Id., both to the Grangemouth Coal Com- 

 pany. On this estate are many good specimens of carse farms. 

 Kerse House is in the centre of the carse, and the well-wooded 

 park is let for grazing at £370 a year. The highest rent paid 

 for one farm is £380, by Mr John Thomson for Carronfiats, 

 Painshead, and part of Inch. Mr liobert Buchan has Dalgrain, 

 rented at £190, and Kerse Mains at £204; Mr Alexander 

 Simpson has West Mains and East Thorn, 100 Scotch acres, at 

 £290 ; and Mr Marshall has Fouldubs at £262, 10s., and ^lary- 

 llatts at £85. In the county valuation roll there are in Falkirk 

 parish above 140 subjects, of which Lord Zetland is entered as 

 proprietor; but the great majority of them are comparatively 

 small holdings at Grangemouth, and hardly more than twenty 

 of them are farms, three or four of which have corn mills 

 attached. ^lost of the farms on the estate are let for about or 

 under £200 a year. 



Farther west, and lying along the south side of the Forth, in 

 the parishes of Airth and St Ninians, is the estate of the Earl of 

 Dunmore, entered at 4620 acres, at a rental of fully £8000 a 

 year. In the centre of the carse, but situated on a gentle emi- 

 nence which commands an extensive prospect, is the mansion- 

 house ; and the extensive, beautifully-svooded park is let for 

 grazinpj at a rent of £1350 a year. In the park there is a con- 

 siderable ex]»anse of moss, but the cost of labour is so great tliat 

 there is little chance of having it removed. Formerly Lord 

 I)unmore lind a herd of sliorthorns; and the home farm, on 

 which was built a steading at a cost of £12,000, is between the 



