178 THE AGRICULTUKE OF THE 



begun in 1806. for the manufacture of alum, copperas, prussiate 

 of potash, Prussian blue, &c., and the works usually employ 

 over 300 hands. 



At Stirling, Denny, and Falkirk there are pyroligneous acid 

 works, in which the distillation from wood is used in making^ 

 iron liquor for printfields, and also vinegar. The oldest firms 

 employed in this work are those of Messrs William M'Laren 

 and Sons, and Mr James M'Alley, Grahamston. The Lime 

 Wharf Chemical Works were begun in 1845, and are still 

 successfully conducted. 



There are paper works in the district of Denny ; and at 

 Herbertshire Mill Messrs Wm. Collins, Sons & Co. employ about 

 100 men and women. 



Extensive quarries have been opened in the county since 

 railway communication gave facilities for the conveyance of 

 stone, and building stones have been extensively taken to 

 Glasgow and Edinburgh. The most important quarries are 

 those of Dunmore, Polmaise, and Plean near Baunockburn, 

 where the coal measure sandstone terminates. In 1867 Mr 

 James Gowans, Eockville, Edinburgh, sent from Plean quarry a 

 large quantity of material to be used in building the new 

 warehouse in Paternoster Eow, London, for Messrs Nelson and 

 Sons, publishers. About 450 men are employed in the freestone 

 quarries of the county, and their wages are 20s. to 25s. a- week. 



Lennoxtown, in the parish of Campsie, is the chief district 

 for limestone, which is worked by Mr Mathew H. Muirhead of 

 Bally glass, Mr David Wilson of the Glorat Works, and Mr 

 John Kirk of Balgrochan Works, who employ in all about 160 

 hands. The limestone is of the very finest quality, some of it 

 containing 93 per cent, of carbonate of lime. 



As previously mentioned, there are coach works at Stirling, 

 belonging to Mr George Thomson and Mr William Kinross ; 

 and Messrs James Kobertson & Son and Thomas Hastie have 

 works of a like kind at Ealkirk. 



There are distilleries at Glenguin in the Blane Valley, 

 Glenfoyle, Gargunnock, Cambus, Bankier, Bonnymuir, Eose- 

 bank, and Camelon ; and Messrs James Aitken & Company 

 have a brewery at Falkirk. 



Shipbuilding is the great industry at Grangemouth, where 

 Messrs Dobson & Charles build vessels of iron and wood from 

 300 to 1000 tons. Boats for the canal trade are built at Port- 

 Dundas by Mr Gilbert Wilkie, and sails and ropes are made at 

 Grangemouth and Bainsford. 



In St Ninians are two leather manufactories, and in Falkirk 

 four, in most of which currying as well as tanning is performed. 

 The average wages are 26s. a week ; tanners earn 20s., and 

 tanning labourers, 16s. 



Candle-making is carried on by Mr John Eiutoul at Falkirk. 



