STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. I35 



made no mention of the Robins, Cat-birds, Thrushes, or Blue Jays. 

 Very much has aheady been written in regard to both the benefits and 

 injuries done by these birds. Some in writing from the southern part of 

 the State claim them to be injurious, while the " Douglas " from the 

 North, claim these and also the gluttonous Cherr\- Bird [A?npelis 

 Ccdroruni)^ to be beneficial. This last I have looked upon as a Cherry 

 glutton^ in tfte last degree. I prefer to puss no judgment upon the other 

 species until I have determined the trutli by careful, personal examina- 

 tions of them in each of these localities. 



J. \V. Velie, Chicago. 



Prof. J, B. "Turner was next introduced to the audience and deliv- 

 ered his promised lecture on 



EDUCATION. 



There was a monomania in ancient times, both among the Persians 

 and Spartans, and among the more recent Christians, which mistook 

 asceticism for education; just as our American monomania mistakes 

 SCHOOLING for EDUCATION. Simple schooling can no more constitute 

 education, than simple eating can constitute health; all that it is possible 

 in any case to get out of formal school-rooms of any sort, makes but a 

 veiy small part of the real education, even of that small professional class 

 of men, with whom books are at once their tools and their stock in trade 

 in all their after life. We are all fully aware how raw and ungainly and 

 almost uneducated the divine, the doctor, the lawyer, and cadet, each 

 and all are, even in the line of their own life-work, when they first come 

 from the schools; however protracted their studies may have been, calling 

 them educated is much like calling tiie oak grown, while yet the acorn is 

 hardly sprouted; but of the proper education of all other men, it must 

 of course constitute a still smaller part. For example, John C. Calhoun 

 was a much more thoroughly schooled, but a far worse educated man 

 than Abraham Lincoln ; and this whole continent, in all spheres of life, 

 is full of similar examples. Our Fred Douglasses, and Revels, and multi- 

 tudes of others on the ebony side of the Republic, seem especially to inti- 

 mate to us that God and nature have still some little to do in the creation 

 of human souls, as well as the pedagogue and the grammar. Of course, if 

 a man is to deal in books as his life business, as at once the tools of his 

 profession and the source of his stock in trade, and especially if his pro- 

 fession itself is based on mere tastes, expedients, conventionalisms, prej- 

 udices and opinions, bare wind, no where to be confronted by solid fact, 

 he needs a more thorough knowledge of books and words, just as the 

 man who is to deal in soils, or machines, or merchandise, needs a more 

 thorough knowledge of these, than mere professional or literary men. 

 But the scholastic habits, like the midaival opinions of former ages, still 

 cling to us on this free soil, even where they can not be of the least use 

 to us, except to retard our earthly progress and becloud and befool our 

 immortal minds. From this source quite an unreasoning controversy 

 has, of late, sprung up in regard to the practical utility of the study of 



