STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 341 



American Summer Pearmain, and Bellflower. All are fair to good 

 bearers, except Early Harvest, Sweet Bough, Tolman Sweet, Hawley, 

 and Yellow Bellflower. Belmont scabs badly, and Red June is too 

 small. 



N. C. Wickwire, at Manlius, set ten acres in 1S55, on prairie soil, 

 yellow clay sub-soil, well drained, no protection, northwest exposure; 

 trees healthy and vigorous; varieties same as mentioned above, w'ith 

 addition of Autumn Strawberry; some good and some poor bearers. 



Mrs. Ann Rolph in 1S5C;, set three acres; soil same as VVickwire's. 

 The trees are healthy and vigorous; varieties: Sw^eet Bough, American 

 Summer Pearmain, Lowell, Domine, Milam, Jersey Sweet, Tolman 

 Sweet, N. Spy, R. I. Greening, Swaar, Baldwin, Holland Pippin, Van- 

 devere, Eng. Golden Russet, Westfield Seek-no-further, Flushing Spitz- 

 enburg, Pomme Grise. All fair to good bearers, except Sweet Bough, 

 Early Harvest, Swaar, Vandevere, and Tolman Sweet. The Baldwin 

 and Holland Pippin trees are troubled with canker spots. 



S. Hutchinson and the Messrs. Forbes have planted upon high prai- 

 rie knolls four miles north of Seneca, about seventy acres of apple 

 orchards, embracing a large number of varieties. These orchards have 

 been planted at various times from 1856 to 1S67. The soil consists of 

 black, prairie loam, generally well surface-drained. There is no protec- 

 tion. 



The leading varieties are Duchess of Oldenburg, Red Astrachan, 

 Maiden's Blush, Snow, Autumn Strawberry, Jonathan, Winesap, Mink- 

 ler, Gilpin, Willow Twig, Ben Davis, Perry Russet, Grimes' Golden 

 Pippin, Cole's Qiiince, Rawles' Janet, White Pippin, Red June, Wag- 

 oner, Sweet June, and Bailey's Sweet. 



North of Seneca, skirting the timber, I find an old orchard, planted 

 about 1840. This orchard, owned by Geo. Bosworth, stands on the east 

 side of a fine grove of young timber, which gives it complete shelter 

 from the west and southwest winds. It has received excellent care ; trees 

 very healthy, vigorous, and productive. I attribute the cause of this to 

 the extraordinary good care taken of them, together with protection from 

 southwest winds. 



On the premises now owned by the writer, but formerly occupied, in 

 part, by Norris & Murphy's Ottawa Nurseries, stand about two hundred 

 trees, set about 1850. The varieties are, principally : Early Harvest, 

 American Summer Pearmain, Sweet Bough, Yellow Bellflower, Rox, 

 Russet, Maiden's Blush, Spitzenburg, Westfield Seek-no-further, Tol- 

 man Sweet, Red-cheek Pippin, Hubbell, Porter, Autumn Strawberry, 

 R. Janet, Domine, Baldwin, Keswick Codlin, Pound Royal, and others. 

 All are fair bearers except Yellow Bellflower, which is worthless. The 

 Hubbell, R. Janet, American Summer Pearmain, Maiden's Blush, and 

 Seek-no-further are very good and annual bearers. Soil — alluvial deposit ; 

 sub-soil — drift underlaid with sandstone, givingperfect natural under- 

 drainage. Location — blufl^, bordering immediately on Illinois River. 



I will make no further mention of orchards; but as before related 

 regarding the county south of the river, so on the north, the prairie and 



