STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 105 



Hull — I have a small belt of Norway Spruces, and when snow 

 was on the ground, the wind being north-east, I found the thermom- 

 eter marked 40° on the lee side, against 30° on the other. 



Huggins — The Hemlock I would not plant. 



Jordan (of St. Louis) — I am opposed to planting an evergreen in 

 an orchard. It is better to plant trees thick and let them protect 

 themselves. 



Warder — When I was a boy going to school, along the Pennsyl- 

 vania lanes, I remember we always got on the warm side of the 

 Cedars on a cold day. In Ohio we want protection for our orchards 

 on the same principle. 



Edwards, of La Moille — I commenced handling evergreens twen- 

 ty-three years ago. I went first to the Manitou Islands in the fall 

 and brought home a lot, and lost nearly all of them. Fall removal 

 in northern latitudes is not desirable. We transplant in August 

 and September, but handle for transportation in Spring. We can 

 now take from the forest just as well as any way. The loss on 

 such trees with me the last two years has been about two per cent. 

 We get them from open places in the forests and pack in moss ; 

 plant in partial shade and mulch them, and transplant at the end of 

 two years. I mention these details because many of our farmers 

 are transplanting forest trees. White Pine is the best tree to plant 

 for orchard screens. I have planted 1400 rods of orchard screens, 

 the trees at ten feet apart. 1 have sometimes planted double rows 

 for this purpose, and occasionally have planted a row through the 

 orchard. I have some trees forty feet high. The advantages of 

 evergreens about orchards, are in the first place, that they keep the 

 fruit from blowing off. I have also found a marked benefit in the 

 protection afforded from late Spring frosts. (In answer to ques- 

 tions); I have seen no injury from lack of circulation of air in 

 Summer. I protect the orchard on all sides. I have a pear orchard 

 surrounded by evergreens. White Spruce has a larger cone than 

 the Black and grows to a larger size. The foliage of the Black is 

 rather the shortest and bluest and it grows naturally more in the 



