78 TRANSACTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS 



Concord, but with some Hartford Prolific and Delaware. lie sold 

 $1400. worth of grapes, and made 800 gallons of wine. Another, 

 from three acres of Concord, sold $1500. worth of grapes, and made 

 1500 gallons of wine. Another, a Mr. Leffigwell, from If acres, has 

 made in 3 years 4000 gallons of wine. One man, by using horse 

 power for cultivation, can take care of 5 acres of grapes. 



Spaulding. — The cost of labor in cultivating a vineyard here, is 

 higher than in Europe, but a man will do two or three times as much 

 by means of our labor-saving implements, and an acre will produce 

 twice as much. 



The Secretary reported the following essay from Louis L. Koch 

 of Golconda, Pope County. The author is a German not sufficiently 

 familiar with the English language to be willing to attempt writing 

 a paper except in German. The translation may hardly do justice 

 to the writer who is one of the most scientific of our Southern grape 

 growers. 



NAMES OF THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE GRAPE-VINE. 



The diverse naming of the separate parts constituting a grapevine, which we find in 

 our works upon grape culture, and which have their origin in the old European provin- 

 cialisms, is an obstacle in coming to a common understanding. 



A nomenclature, as near as possible suiting our local relations, but looking to a gene- 

 ral use, might correct the evil. I take the liberty to recommend such an adoption, 

 but refrain from urging it, prompted by the importance of the subject. My good inten- 

 tion, I hope, will be received with the liberality which characterizes this worthy 

 assembly. 



1. The grapevine has as its separate parts : 



(a.) The trunk, which reaches from the ground to where it branches, and has its height 

 according to the prevailing system of pruning, from 6 — 18 inches. 



(6.) The arms are a continuation of the trunk, giving form to the vine, the number and 

 size of which are determined by controlling circumstances. 



(c.) The fruit branches are in number and size corresponding to the form and growth 

 of the stock, and are branches from the side branches. They are rather short, not much 

 over 4 inches long, and form, as their name implies, the basis for the grape and spur. In 

 my system of pruning, there are on such fruit branches, one fruit cane and a spur, with 

 two eyes. In the fall, the old fruit cane is cut away and the two canes grown in the 

 course of the season from the spur, and generally, the vigorous are now pruned to fruit 

 canes and spurs. This mode proves to be a very efficient regulative of wood growth 

 and fruit bearing. 



2. The head is the stem in another form, differing essentially from the stem in this 

 wise : while this grows from 6 — 18 inches, the former connects the root and plant. 



