STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 257 



cultivation for market are to choose a good, dry soil, not over rich and prepare it by 

 trencb plowing deeply. A northern Blope Is to be preferred. Avoid beating manures. 

 A little shade from trees is beneficial t<> tbe Cap varieties. Clean culture throughout 

 the growing season, and a systematic shortening "!' the young canes commencing 

 • in the middle of June, and again about the first of Angust. Cul back canes one- 

 third to one-half the next spring. The greatest care should be given the plants from 

 Hi" time "i blooming until the fruit is ilpe, with reference to keepings full Bupply of 

 moisture in the soil. This can be done by thorougb.15 stirring the soil or by mulching. 

 My experience has been, that mulching 1- not to be depended upon, but thorough -.- u 1 ti- 

 vation is always safe. The most serioue objection to the Black varieties of the Cap 

 family, i- their drying upon the bushes before fully ripe. E have had no trouble in that 

 way, and my freedom from it I attribute to using no manure. A slight shade at noon 

 day and directly after, with clean cultivation, is a sure preventive. I am not bo well 

 prepared to write on the cultivation of the Raspberries as 1 expected t<> have been 

 when I made choice of my (this) subject last winter, having failed, for want of time in 

 _ ....<■■ practical experiments, by which I bad hoped to have settled some unset- 

 tled points. Hut one point is firmly bi ttled in my mind, that I have found more pleas- 

 ure ami profit in the cultivation of the Raspberry, than any other small fruit. My 

 favorites of the old and well tried varieties are still the Doolittle Black Cap and Pur- 

 ple Cane, but there are several of the newer varieties that show good evidence of far 

 out-stripping them in every particular. I will only notice a few of them that have 

 fruited here, and that I have seen in fruit elsewhere ; Golden Cap, a strong grower, 

 productive and hardy, fruit of large size; Golden Fellow, firm i-> texture, of good 

 flavor, hut scarcely juicy enough; Davison's Thornless, a variety of Black Cap, with 

 fectly smooth canes, fruit large, of excellent flavor; Black, the earliest; plant 

 of rather slender growth, hardy ami productive, a ejreat acquisition! BUlsdale, very like 

 tin- Purple; Cane, though a plant '>f stronger growth, hcrry longer, flavor best, long hi 

 «eas<m. and must take a high rank for family use, a little soft for market -, Minnesota, 

 like tie- (ii.li) n < ap, a little longer in plant and fruit. 



Ttic Blacs Cap Raspberry ami ii> varieties are known to Botanists as Rubua Occident- 

 aUs, and though not so delicate ami juicy in its flavor as the European variety, (Rubus 

 Id. -an- and its varieties J its great hardiness, freedom from snekering, productivi 

 and the great extent of country over which it can be grown with Buccess, will without 

 doubt, always make it the popular Raspberry, without we can hybridize it and produce 

 a ni'v class between it and cl ol Reds, as the Purple Cane, Slusdale and Philadel- 



phia appear i" be. 

 Our other native Raspberrj that has been brought under cultivation to some extent 



• Ra ' - igosus of Botanists. This is a very delicious fruit, if we can gel It, bnt it 

 Is bardly productive enough in cultivation, besides its had habit of suckering renders 



its cultivation unpleasant. Then- has been little improvement made InitsvarieU 

 and there are none that can he directly traced to it for their origin that can be recom- 

 mended. 



We now come to consider those varieties that do not directly belong to any botanical 

 diversion, bnt appear to be natural crosses or hybrids ; of l hese t wo hare been already 

 named. Purple tane and Ellisdale. They appear to he .1 cross between the wild Red 

 (R. 8trlgosu8)-and the Black Cap, (R. Occidentalism partaking of the most marked 

 characteristics of both. The Purple Cane suckers from Its root- and roots from its 



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