168 TRANSACTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS 



family use, although it may not be profitable for market or wine. The European 

 Rulander was exhibited by D. T. Jewett, of St. Louis, who is noted for his success in 

 gFowing foreign grapes in the open air ; and it is also an excellent grape, though of 

 uncertain hardiness, I presume. The identity or diversity of these two sorts, is a ques- 

 tion I am unable at present to settle. 



Mr. John H. Tice exhibited a seedling of Taylor, more productive and less vigorous 

 than that variety, but similar in other respects. Also the Louise, of Dr. Shroeder and' 

 of the Agricultural Department ; both are rank fox and not identical. Also Naums- 

 keag, a fox; Powell, resembling Taylor; Brand's White, resembling Cassady ; aud 

 Souland, a good winter grape, resembling Clinton. 



Isidor Bush showed some excellent specimens of Rogers' Hybrid No 1, of North 

 Carolina seedling, and of Blue Baden, a European grape grown in the open air. This 

 last resembles Herbemont in its appearance of berry and closeness of cluster. 



George Husmann exhibited very good bundles of Cassady and Creveling — a grape 

 whose good conduct and excellence the last two years are making it many friends. Also 

 Salem, a round red grape of very good quality, but hardly equal, in my opinion, to its 

 fame ; as well as Cynthiana, Arkansas, Devereux, Louisiana, Elsingburg and Alvey, all 

 " black but beautiful," and excellent, though too small for market purposes. Hermann, 

 a seedling of Norton's Virginia, had fine bundles, but was not ripe enough for testing. 

 Martha I did not get a good look at, but I am inclined to think it is not specially desir- 

 able as to quality or appearance. 



D. J. Jewett, residing in the city of St. Louis, exhibited foreign grapes grown in the 

 open air. They grow on soil made by filling a lot, and protected by a house and a tight- 

 bound fence from the winter winds. The vines are covered with earth in winter. The 

 Black Hamburg, Golden Chassels, Black Prince and European Rulander thus grown, 

 were very handsome and good, though not equal in size to the same varieties grown 

 under glass. 



At Centralia, the largest vineyard I examined was that of John Betz, who has about 

 22,000 vines of Catawba, Concord, Hartford Prolific, Delaware, and Ives' Seedling. The 

 Delaware and Iona do not succeed with him, nor have his grapes generally been success- 

 ful thus far ; though there was good promise of a crop at the time of our visit. One 

 enthusiastic horticulturist at Centralia had planted 1,000 Iona vines the past spring, in 

 the full hope of their succeeding — a hope in which we cannot participate. Grape- 

 growing at Centralia should be confined, we judge, to the hardier varieties, such as Con- 

 cord and Hartford Prolific. 



At Pana, I saw on the grounds of Mr. Chase, near the summit of a mound, and well 

 protected by hedges and trees, very good Isabellas, very fine Delawares, and good Con- 

 cord and Catawba. I think grapes may be cultivated, at least on the mounds of that 

 region, with good success. 



At Makanda we visited a number of large, flourishing, but generally young vineyards. 

 Hadley and Yunger have had the longest experience, their first vineyard having been 

 planted in 1862, and their vineyard now comprises 40 to 50 acres in grapes, 20 of which 

 are in bearing. The Concord is the leading variety, the most profitable, and has no faults 

 to speak of. The Connecticut Seedling promises to be the next best for profit, for table 

 use. Hartford Prolific and Blood's Black promise well. Norton's Virginia bears well, 

 never rots, and is the best wine grape. Cynthiana promises equally well. Cunningham 

 and Rulander have small berries. Herbemont is more subject to mildew than some 



