188 



TRANSACTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS 



STATE HORTICULTURIST. 



He also announced that the Executive Committee had appointed 

 Dr. E. S. Hull as a State Horticulturist — his salary to be here- 

 after arranged. 



SAP. 



Dr. Warder being called upon, said fruitfulness was induced by 

 hacking trees. There is, strictly speaking, no flow of sap. Sap 

 leaks, as it were from cell. Crude sap goes into the limbs of a vine 

 in this way, but it can't get back. 



[Mr. Pettingill here sent up a part of a North Carolina seedling 

 grape vine, on which was a diseased and enlarged growth of wood.] 

 This vine was probably damaged by winter, and the diseased growth 

 was owing to the sap being abstracted. 



Dr. Spalding said the North Carolina was tender in Missouri. 



We should perhaps speak of what is ordinarily called a plant, as 

 rather a collection of plants. Each bud is, in one sense, a new 

 plant, and the tree or vine an aggregation of the many plants. 

 Some have even held that there was a direct and distinct connection 

 of each limb and bud with a corresponding root. In fact if we 

 reduce the foliage in summer, we injure the roots. 



Extraordinary efforts are sometimes put forth by a plant to regain 

 a lost connection of the sap wood. An elm tree in Indiana was 

 completely girdled, but the sap jumped over the obstruction, and 

 formed a connection between the parts above and below. A black 

 locust tree which was split open five or six inches, made roots in the 

 split and caught the ground. 



GRAPE VINE LOCK. 



A Yankee friend of mine has invented a " lock," made of wood or 

 iron, for the purpose of fastening the cane or arms of a vine to the 

 wires of a trellis. It can be put on very rapidly. 



[Specimens were shown by Mr. Fletcher, of Centralia. Some 

 objected that they would bind the growing vine too closely.] 



