706 University of California Publications in Botany [Vol. 8 



70. Cystophyllum J. Ag. 



Fronds arising from a broad, flattened, irregular, parenchymatous 

 holdfast, several fronds apparently arising from the same holdfast, 

 the main stipe soon disappearing as such ; main fronds comparatively 

 long, giving rise to very small, flattened branches, and to numerous 

 long, filiform, nearly terete branches; these long branches bearing 

 numerous, short, lateral branches, variously dissected into ramuli 

 bearing small, usually solitary, vesicles beyond which the receptacles 

 develop oosphores single in an oogonium ; plants perennial. 



J. G. Agardh, Sp. I, 1848, p. 228. 



When J. G. Agardh founded the genus Cystophyllu-m {loc. cit.), 

 he enumerated and described nine species, all of which had been 

 previously published under other genera. The first species mentioned 

 in his account, the type of the genus, was C. onustum founded on 

 Fucus o-nu^tus of Mertens (Sur plusieurs espec. du Fu-cus, 1819, p. 

 183) and the Sargassum onustum of Agardh (Sp. Alg., 1820, p. 32). 

 He placed it in the family Fucaceae, in which it was retained by Kjell- 

 man in Engler and Prantl (1893, pp. 279 and 283). De-Toni (1895) 

 shifted the genus to the much modified family, Sargassaceae, in which 

 we are retaining it. 



Cystophyllum geminatum (Ag.) J. Ag. 



Stipe arising from a solid, conical, fibrous disk, at first producing 

 numerous, long, cjdindrical, filiform with alternate branches, 6-24 dm. 

 long, later producing several alternate side branches similar to the 

 main stipe, these in turn producing the filiform branches ; the filiform 

 branches produce numerous, short, alternate, or fasciculate branches 

 producing in turn, near their bases a few, alternate, linear or spatulate, 

 ribless branches (leaves), and toward their apices ramuli terminated 

 mostly by single, broadly fusiform air vesicles ; these at first apiculate, 

 later the receptacles developing from the apiculate part ; plants 

 dioecious. 



Growing in the lower littoral and upper sublittoral belts. Extend- 

 ing from the Bering Sea, Alaska, to Puget Sound, Washington. 



J. G. Agardh, Sp. Alg., vol. 1, 1848, p. 232 ; Setchell and Gardner, 

 Alg. N.W. Amer., 1903, p. 285. Cystophyllum Lepidium Harvey, 

 Coll. Alg. Vancouver Island, 1862, p. 163 ; Saunders, Alg. Harriman 

 Exp., 1901, p. 432; Tilden, Amer. Alg. (Exsicc), no. 232. Cystoseira 



