122 ROSACEAE 



at the tip, generally about 1 inch long, generally reflexed after 

 the petals fail, and tardily deciduous. The fruit, which matures 

 in autumn, is pear shaped or depressed-globose, red, about ]/^ 

 to ]/2 inch in diameter, and smooth or more or less glandular- 

 hispid. The achenes are attached to its base. 



Distribution. — The Pasture Rose prefers relatively open 

 situations and is to be found on the borders of woods, in open 

 places in woodlands, or along roadsides from Maine to Wis- 

 consin and south to Florida and Texas. It is distributed 

 throughout the entire state of Illinois. 



The Pasture Rose sends out long underground stems, from 

 which aerial stems arise. These tend to die back from year to 

 year, but may be responsible for sizable colonies of the rose. 

 The species is an extremely variable one, forms of it having 

 been segregated both as species and as varieties. It appears 

 to be very sensitive to habitat factors. This rose has been in 

 cultivation since 1826 and is used for borders and shrubbery. 

 The variety grandiflora (Baker) Rehder has been distinguished 

 on the basis that the leaflets are usually 7 and obovate or oval, 

 and the flowers about 2i/^ inches across. Another variety, 

 glandulosa (Crepin) Rehder, has doubly and glandularly ser- 

 rate leaflets and glandular-hispid rachises. R. Lyonii Pursh, 

 described below, is considered by authorities a variety of this 

 species and is then designated as var. villosa (Best) Rehder. 



ROSA LYON i I Pursh 



This rose, fig. 28, is a rather low shrub, with round, glabrous 

 stems seldom as much as 4 feet long, which usually are bristly 

 and covered with slender prickles. The leaves have 5 to 7 

 elliptic to lance-elliptic leaflets i/^ to 2 inches long, which are 

 acute or, rarely, obtuse, serrate along the margins, and dull 

 and sparingly pubescent to glabrate above but definitely pu- 

 bescent beneath. The rachis on which the leaflets stand is 

 villous, and the stipules are narrow. The rose-pink flowers 

 stand in groups of 1 to 4 and are 2 to 2l/^ inches wide. The 

 pedicels and the receptacle are glandular-hispid, or rarely the 

 receptacle may be glabrous. The petals are sometimes sparingly 

 lobed. The hip, which matures in the fall, h l/^ to Y^ inch in 

 diameter, and the seeds are attached at its bottom. 



Distribution. — This rose ranges from Massachusetts west- 



