Clavarias of the United States and Canada 1 1 



(never yellow on the hymenium) ; spores white, subspherical, 

 smooth, rather large ; basidia 2-spored : C. cristata (with C. rugosa, 

 C. cinerea, etc.), C. ametJiystinoides, C. omafipes. This group 

 makes up the genus Clavulina of Schroeter (Krypt. Fl. v. Schlesien 

 3 : 442. 1888) and it is a good genus according to all ordinary 

 standards, and includes the most easily defined group of Clavarias. 



5. Plants large or moderately small clubs with soft, spongy, 

 white flesh which is solid, or in age hollow. Spores large, smooth, 

 white: C. pistillaris, C. ligula. This group leads to Craterellus. 



6. Plants long, slender, simple clubs ; pliable and with a large 

 hollow surrounded by a thin layer of flesh ; spores white, smooth, 

 large. Growing on leaves and twigs or on wood : C. fistulosa and 

 C. contorta. This group is of peculiar structure and its relation- 

 ships are not obvious. It is probably nearest the preceding group. 



7. Plants small, branched from several crowded stems, not 

 very slender ; flesh very fragile and brittle ; spores minute, white, 

 smooth. Growing on ground in woods : C. ametJiystina. This 

 group contains a single, isolated species, the relationships of which 

 are quite obscure. 



8. Plants small or (in a few species rather large), not cespi- 

 tose, pliable and toughish, branched from a distinct stalk, slender 

 throughout, spores minute, white, asperulate or angular, or (in 

 two cases) smooth. Growing on the ground, or (in two cases) 

 on wood or trash : C. rufipes, C. crocea, C. vestitipes, C. pulchella, 

 C. Kunzei, C. arborea, C. asterclla, C. subcaespitosa, C. lento- 

 fragilis, C. angulispora, C. pyxidata. This group and the next 

 lead to Lachnocladhim. 



9. Plants rather small to large, much branched, pliable ; spores 

 smooth or nearly so. Growing on wood or beds of leaves and 

 twigs. This group may be divided into three sections: (a) Small 

 plants on leaves and with narrow, smooth, nearly white spores : C. 

 byssiseda, C. Patouillardii; (b) Small plants on leaves, with small, 

 nearly smooth, yellow to ochraceous spores: C. gracilis, C. sub- 

 decurrens; (c) Larger plants on wood or leaves, with more plump, 

 faintly rough, buffy to ochraceous spores : C. stricta, C. apiculata, 

 C. suecica, C. acris, C. pinicola. 



10. Plants small to large; nearly always much branched and 

 usually from a bulky base; brittle or pliable. Spores yellow or 

 ochraceous, usually warted or asperulate but in some cases smoi 



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