ENDOGONACEAE 133 



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jmnosar Am. J. Botany, ii'; 205-217, 1932. 

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Entomophthoraceae in artificial culture," Am. J. Botany, 75:87-121, 



1929. 

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fungus, Entomophthora sphaerosperma,'' MycoL, 25:411-432, 1931. 

 SpEAiiE, A. T., ''Massospora cicadina Peck, a fungus parasite of the periodical 



cicada," Mycol, 75:72-82, 1921. 

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Nat. Hist., 4: 133-201, 1888. 



DOUBTFUL ZYGOMYCETES 



Endogonaceae 



Among the fungi whose position among the Phycomycetes has 

 not been established with finaUty are the Endogonaceae, a group 

 of 6 genera containing approximately 30 hypogeous species. 

 They somewhat resemble truffles in gross appearance, ranging 

 from tiny objects up to the size of a hazel nut. According to 

 Bucholtz (1912), the type Endogone pisijormis was described by 

 Link in 1809; he thought it to be among the Gastromycetes. Al- 

 though Fries did not observe specimens of it, he placed it near 

 Rhizopogon among the Basidiomycetes. Meanwhile other species 

 of Endogone were found, and other early mycologists, among 

 them Berkeley and Tulasne, placed these fungi among the truffles. 

 Schroter, in Enorler and Prantl's Die natilrlichen Pflanze7J- 

 fajjiilien, regarded these fungi as Hemiascomycetes. More recent 

 students of the group [Thaxter (1922), Walker (1923)] place 

 them near the Mortierellaceae. 



The assignment of Endogonaceae as a family of Mucorales is 

 indicated as proper mainly because the hyphae are coenocytic, 

 the multinucleate sporangiospores are delimited as in Mucorales, 

 and the clusters of zygospores are invested with a dense mass of 

 hyphae, forming a sclerotium-like structure. The sporangia lack 

 columellae and appear somewhat like those of Mortierella. 



Walker (1923) germinated the sporangiospores of Endogone 

 malleola but found no evidence of zygote formation. No one 

 seems to have succeeded, however, in germinating zygospores of 

 any members of the group. The account by Bucholtz (1912) 



