266 THE ASCOMYCETES 



Scleroderis ribis on Ribes and S. abieticola on white firs, mem- 

 bers of the Scleroderridoideae, produce inconspicuous, short- 

 stalked, black apothecia on the bark of killed twigs. Their asco- 

 spores are several-septate and hyaline. 



Geoglossaceae. The Geoglossaceae, or "earth tongues," are 

 saprophytes, occurring in moist locations or in shady woods. 

 Some are restricted to certain kinds of decaying wood, leaves, 

 or mosses, as, for example, Cudonia hitea to beech litter, Mitrula 

 ciicidlata to coniferous leaves, and Mitrida miiscicola to moss 

 litter among living mosses. The family is divided into two tribes 

 on the basis of the form of the stalked ascomata: Geoglosseae, 

 with clavate or spathulate ascomata, and Cudonieae, with pileate 

 ascomata. 



The shape and color of ascopores serve as bases for separating 

 genera. Conidial stages are unknown. The monographic treatise 

 by Durand (1908) is indispensable in the identification of North 

 American species. 



LITERATURE CITED 



Atkinson, G. F., 'The perfect stage of leaf spot of pear and quince," 



Science, n.s., 50; 452, 1909. 

 Bache-Wiig, Sara, "Contributions to the life history of a systemic fungous 



parasite, Cryptoviychm pteridis,'" My col., 52:214-250, 1940. 

 Backus, M. P., "Initiation of the ascocarp and associated phenomena in 



Cocco77iyces bie?nalis,''' Contrib. Boyce Thompson Inst., 6: 339-379, 



1934. 

 Drayton, F. D., "The sexual function of the microconidia in certain dis- 



comycetes," Mycol., 24: 345-348, 1932, 

 "The sexual mechanism of Sclerotinia gladioli,'''' Mycol., 25:46-72, 1934. 

 "The perfect stage of Botrytis cojivoluta,'' Mycol., 2P: 305-318, 1937. 

 Durand, E. J., "A monograph of the Geoglossaceae," Ajin. Mycol., 6: 387- 



477, 1908. 

 Godfrey, G. H., "Gray mold of castor bean," /. Agr. Research, 23:619- 



716, 1923. 

 Groves, J. W., and F. L. Drayton, "The perfect stage of Botrytis cinerea^^ 



Mycol, 57:485-489, 1939. 

 Hahn, G. G., and T. E. x\yers, "Dasyscvphae on conifers in North 



America. I. The large-spored white-excipled species," Mycol., 26: 73- 



101, 1934. 



II. ''Dasyscypha ellisiana,'' Mycol, 26: 167-180, 1934a. 



III. "Dasyscypha piiii;' Mycol, 25:479-501, 1934b. 



Hansbrough, J. R., "The Tympanis canker of red pine," Yale Univ., Sch. 

 Forestry Bidl, 43: 1-58, 1936. 



