ALLANTOSPHAERIACEAE 



221 



ALLANTOSPHAERIACEAE. This family is also stromatic; some of 

 its members are to be found among the Valsaceae and Diatry- 

 paceae, as used in older literature. They occur as saprophytes or 

 weak parasites on woody plants. As the family name indicates, 



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D 



Fig. 90. Nimmmlaria discreta, the apple blister-canker fungus. A. Diagram 

 showing disk-shaped black stromata that protrude through fissures in the 

 bark. B. Sectional diagram of perithecial stroma; the outer rind is compact 

 and dark, and a black ring remains in the wood when a stroma is broken 

 off. The flask-shaped perithecia open to the surface by pores. C. Ascus 

 and dark ascospores. D. Laver of conidiophores and conidia at surface 

 near a perithecial pore. (After J. R. Cooper.) 



the ascospores are allantoid. The asci are long-stalked. The 

 paraphvses usually jellify at maturity. The family may further 

 be characterized as havingf ectostroma that is usually deciduous 

 and a persistent entostroma. The ectostroma develops at the sur- 

 face and within the periderm and consists of fungus elements 

 and remnants of periderm. The entostroma develops within the 

 cortex or woody tissues and contains remnants of these tissues. 



