DEVELOPMENT OF PYCNIDIA AND ACERVULI 389 



polygononmi and Macropboina citndii, and the acervuli of Volii- 

 tella {Colletotrichmn) circinans and Colletotrichinjj lagenarhim 

 arise accordingr to either of these methods. 



Kempton (1919) studied the development of approximately a 

 score of imperfect fungi, most of which were found to be meris- 

 togenous. He divided the meristos^enous type into two kinds, 

 simple and compound. In the simple type the fruiting body 

 develops from a single hvpha, as has been indicated, and in the 

 compound type, from two or more contiguous hyphae. He con- 

 cluded that simple meristogenous development occurs more often 

 amons^ Sphaeropsidales, ^\'hereas compound meristogenous and 

 symphogenous types are more usual among xMelanconiales. 



TABLE 4 



Type of Development of Pvcnidia and Acervuli 



Simple Compound 



Organism Meristogenous Meristogenous Symphogenous 



Phoma herbarum + — — 



Phoma destructiva + + ~ 



Phoma pyrina + ~ ~ 



Phoma cichorial + + ~ 



Phoma richardiae + — + 



Diplodia manilliana — — + 



Sphaeropsis malorum — + ~ 



Sphaeropsis citricola + + ~ 



Coniothyriiim pyrina '+ + — 



Septoria polygonorum + + + 



Septoria scrophulariae + + ~ 



Septoria helianthi + ~ ~ 



Sphaerella nigerristigma — — + 



(Septoria stage) 



Cicinnobolus cesatii — — + 



Sphaeronemella fragariae 



Meliola camelliae (pycnidial stage) 



Macrophoma citrulli 



Hendersonia opuntiae 



Endothia parasitica (pycnidial stage) 



Gloeosporium rufomaculans 



Gloeosporium musarum 



Colletotrichum lagenarium 



Pestalozzia palmar um 



Pestalozzia guepini 



Patellina fragariae 



Volutella jructi 



Volutella circinans 



