S92 THE DEUTEROMYCETES (FUNGI IMPERFECTI) 



notably T. graminemn, T. ho ana, and T. idahoemis [Remberg 



(1940)]. 



Zythiaceae. The most noteworthy members of this family are 

 entomogenous, especially certain species of Aschersonia as A. 

 aleywdis, A. goldiam, A. coffeae, and A. marginata. They at- 

 tack scale insects and some of them have Hypocrella (among 

 the Hvpocreales) as the perfect stage. 



Leptostromataceae. Flattened fruiting bodies are possessed 

 bv the members of this family. Many are conidial stages of 

 Hvpodermataceae and Phacidiaceae. Among the most familiar 

 ones are species of Melasmia, certain of which have been ge- 

 netically connected with Rhytisma. Leptothyrhnn pomi, the 

 '^flv-speck" fungus of apples, is another well-known representa- 

 tive. Colby (1920) created the generic name Gloeodes for this 

 organism. Discosia, containing both saprophytic and parasitic 

 species and having a seta at each end of the septate conidium, is 

 also commonly encountered. 



ExciPULACEAE. The pvcnidia of species assigned to this family 

 open rather widely. Such genera as Amerosporium, Ephelis, and 

 Lecanosticta contain pathogens of economic importance. Ainero- 

 sporhnn oeconovncinn, w'wkv dark setae around the ostiole^ forms 

 on the foliage of cowpeas lesions that are brown at first but be- 

 come grayish with age. It appears to be coextensive in range 

 with its host. Species of Ephelis which have filamentous conidia 

 constitute the conidial stages of Balansia, Epichloe, and Dothi- 

 chloe, all of which are parasitic on grasses and have thread-like 

 ascospores. The best-known species of Lecanosticta is ge- 

 netically connected with Systremma acicola, \\'hich causes brown- 

 spot needle disease of pines, especially longleaf pine. This fungus 

 seriously menaces the growth of longleaf -pine seedlings, includ- 

 ino- nursery-grown trees, and natural reproduction. 



MELANCOMALES 



This order consists of the single family Melanconiaceae, having 

 92 genera and more than 600 North American species [Bender 

 (1931)]. Included in it are such well-known genera as Colleto- 

 trichum, Gloeosporium, Myxosporium, Vermicularia, Melan- 

 conium, Protocoronospora (Kabatiella), Marssonia, Coryn^um, 

 Pestalozzia, and Cylindrosporium. 



