FUNGI OCCURRING ON OR WITHIN INSECTS 445 



Fsendococciis calceolariae, on sugar cane in Hawaii. Petch 

 (1926b) lists, from Mysore, E. (Empusa) lecanii as the first mem- 

 ber of this genus found attacking a scale insect. 



The "seventeen-year locust," Tibicina septendecem, is very 

 commonly attacked by a peculiar fungus, Massospora cicadina 

 [Speare (1921)]. This organism grows within the insect's body 

 and causes the posterior segments to drop off while the cicada is 

 still alive. The conidia and resting spores are then dispersed as 

 the cicada crawls or flies. 



In the American tropics Metarrhiziinn anisopliae, called the 

 green muscardine fungus, is known to be destructive to approxi- 

 mately 60 species of insects. Some of these insects are of im- 

 portance, including the sugar-cane froghopper, Tomaspis varia, 

 and May beetles, because they normally cause appreciable damage 

 to crops. 



Beauvaria bassiana is another generalized species, best known 

 from its occurrence on chinch bug, Blissiis leucopterus, and corn 

 borer, Fyransta nubilalis. It was first described as a parasite of 

 silk-worm larvae and given the name Botrytis bassiana [Petch 

 ( 1914) ] . Previously another species, Beauveria globulifera, which 

 has been confused with B. bassiana, was described from France 

 and from South America. In South America it was identified as 

 Sporotrichum globulifernm. However, Lefebvre (1931) regards 

 B. bassiana an'd B. globulifera as distinct species, and his evidence 

 indicates that B. globulifera is the more virulent as a pathogen 

 on corn borer. 



Sorosporella uvella, a hyphomycete pathogenic to certain cut- 

 worms and to larvae of the sugar-beet curculio, Cleonus pancti- 

 ventris, is of peculiar interest because there is no external evidence 

 of its presence in host larvae [Speare (1920)]. The fungus is an 

 obligate parasite. Its resting spores are formed internally to the 

 body wall and come to fill the body cavity with a brick-red 

 powdery mass. This organism was first described from Russia, 

 where it was given the name Tarichhmi uvella. 



The generic name Isaria has come to be widely known among 

 mycologists in connection with conidial stages of Cordyceps that 

 parasitize various beetles and other insects. Petch (1934) pro- 

 posed, however, that the name Isaria be discarded in favor of 

 Spicaria. Then the name Isaria farinosa, as the type, becomes 



