MON1LIA (CANDIDA) SPP. 311 



differentiated, but profuse clusters of ovoid hyaline conidia arise 

 laterally or terminally on short branches. 



Beurmann and Gougerot isolated from various plants species 

 of Sporotrichum that they believed were pathogenic. Further 

 evidence in support of its occurrence on vegetation is supplied 

 by Benham and Kesten (1932). They inoculated carnation buds 

 with S. schenckii, and a bud rot resembling the well-known bud- 

 rot disease caused by S. poae developed. When reisolated, it was 

 still virulent for man. These experiments are especially note- 

 worthy, because they constitute the first successful transmission 

 of a human disease to a plant. 



This fungus is among the few that produce specific agglutinins 

 when spores are used as antigens. Spores may be agglutinated in 

 high dilutions, indicating strong antigenic properties. 



MONILIA (CANDIDA) SPP. 



Within the Genus Monilia, as used in a medical sense, are in- 

 cluded those fungi having sparse mycelial development and repro- 

 ducing by budding to form white, smooth colonies on as^ar. The 

 numerous species in this genus rather readily dissociate into rou^h 

 and smooth colonies on artificial media; they vary in virulence. 

 Some of them are filamentous at room temperature but veast- 

 like at body temperature, and others are filamentous on ordinary 

 agars and yeast-like on blood agar. They are entirely distinct 

 from Monilia as used by the plant pathologist to designate conidial 

 stages of Sclerotinia. Dodge (1935) places them in the Eremas- 

 caceae Imperfectae. 



.Manifestly a number of generic types are represented anions; 

 the medical Monilias, and accord has not been reached on their 

 proper binomials. These taxonomic problems are set forth clearly 

 in a recent report by Conant (1940); it is apparent that for final 

 agreement action by the International Botanical Congress will be 

 necessary. Amon^ those who have studied the classification of 

 this group are Benham (1931), Langeron and Talice (1932), 

 Shrewsbury (1934), Lamb and Lamb (1935), Dodge (1935), 

 Martin and his associates (1937), and Langeron and Guerra 

 (1938). The generic name Candida seems to be the preferred 

 one for medical species of Monilia. 



