148 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



flowers much of the pollen as formed. To these causes combined may 

 probably be attributed the lack of fertilization of the blossoms. Follow- 

 ing this unfavorable weather, and doubtless induced and fostered by it, a 

 species of minute fungus attacked the leaves, extending over a large por- 

 tion of their surface, and often down the leaf-stalk to their base, causing a 

 dark brown discoloration. This same fungus attacked the young fruit 

 also, deforming a considerable proportion of the few specimens which 

 were to be found, and these attacks resulted in a withering and curling of 

 the leaves; the young fruit became stunted and deformed, and in many 

 instances much of the foliage dropped to the ground. The effect of this 

 injury, even at this advanced period in the season, is still to be seen in 

 the sparseness of the foliage on many of the trees, in the discoloration of 

 the leaves and the stunted growth of the branches. 



It is difficult to anticipate with any certainty the effect of this disease 

 on the fruit crop of next year, but since as a rule any interruption to the 

 healthy growth of a tree leads to the more abundant production of fruit 

 buds, it is probable that with a favorable season, we may have a very 

 abundant yield in 1883. 



California has for some years past been shipping fruits from her abun- 

 dant surplus to all parts of the continent, and her favored climate furnished 

 conditions under which pears, apples, plums and grapes prospered to an 

 extent unknown elsewhere, and for many years almost free from the insect 

 pests which in other fruit-growing regions levy so heavy a tax on the 

 growers. But this exemption could not be expected to be permanent. 

 The Codlin Moth made its appearance there in 1874, and ever since then 

 has been increasing to an alarming extent, the climate favoring its propa- 

 gation with a rapidity unknown in less favored districts, so that there are 

 three, and in some instances four broods in a season. They attack the 

 pears and quinces, as well as the apples, and destroy and disfigure a large 

 quantity of fruit. California fruit growers are also suffering from the 

 Phylloxera, Pear-tree Slug, Red Spider, Tussock Moth Caterpillar, the 

 Currant Borer, a native Tent Caterpillar, disiocaj/ipa constrida, and a 

 number of species of bark lice or scale insects, which attack apple, pear, 

 peach, plum, orange, lemon, fig and olive trees, being found alike on the 

 bark, foliage and fruit, and which multiply with amazing rapidity. Recog- 

 nizing the vast importance of the fruit crop to the State, the most stringent 

 measures are being enacted for the purpose of subduing these pests. An 



