THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 147 



golden ; upon the wings is a short snow-white median basal streak 

 strongly dark-margined behind and within. (Sometimes the anterior 

 margin and sides of the thorax are also white). Two snow-white fasciae, 

 one at about the basal ^th, the other about the middle, both strongly 

 dark-margined behind, and sometimes slightly so interiorly ; and both 

 strongly angulated posteriorly near the costa ; with the first sometimes 

 slightly interrupted at the angle, and the dark margin of the second 

 posteriorly produced. A long oblique snow-white dorsal streak at the base 

 of the dorsal ciliae posteriorly dark-margined, and a smaller costal one a 

 little behind it at the base of the costal ciliae, similarly dark-margined. 

 This dorsal streak is sometimes posteriorly produced, and confluent with 

 a straight dorso-apical streak, which is faintly dark-margined behind, but 

 is sometimes entirely wanting. When present it forms the interior border 

 to the apical dusting. Sometimes the costal streak is produced so as to 

 be confluent with it also, and opposite to it there is sometimes a costo- 

 apical white spot which is separated from it by the apical dusting, which 

 extends thence to the apex and is black upon a white ground. Hinder 

 marginal line in the ciliae dark brown. Ciliae golden. Al. ex. % to x /i 

 inch. Kentucky. Wisconsin. One of the commonest and prettiest 

 species. The larva mines the leaves of White Oaks. (.Quercus Alba and 

 Q. obtusiloba), and sometimes there are several mines on the same leaf. 

 It mines the upper surface. There are always several larvae in a mine, 

 and this is the species of which (as stated ante p 55) I have counted 

 fifteen small larvae in a single small mine. The mine is brownish-yellow 

 and spreads frequently over a large part of the leaf, and may thus be 

 distinguished from the whitish mine of L. hamadryadella which sometimes 

 is found upon the same leaf with it. The young larvae lie packed to- 

 gether side by side in the mine in a curve or crescent, and the mine for 

 some distance shows a series of concentric curves gradually enlarging as 

 the larvae grow. The frass is scattered. The older larvae scatter, and 

 usually most of them leave the mine and perish. It is much preyed upon 

 by spiders, which, I believe, from various circumstances (though I have 

 not caught them flagrante delicto), tear open the mines and eat the larvae. 

 The same thing happens to various other species of larvae. The mines of 

 this and many other species are also much infested by a black species of 

 Thrips. What its business in them is, I have not ascertained. Various 

 mites are also found in them. This species passes the winter in the 

 larval condition and forms its pupa in a flat thin cocoon or web in the 

 mine, becoming a pupa in April, and the imago emerging in about ten 



